Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
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تِلْكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ
Tilka Aayaatul Kitaabil mubeen
These are Verses of the Book that makes [things] clear.
Commentary of verses 28:1 to 28:6
Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
Natloo 'alaika min naba-i Moosaa wa Fi'awna bilhaqqi liqawminy yu'miinoon
We rehearse to you some of the story of Moses and Pharaoh in Truth, for people who believe.
Commentary of verses 28:1 to 28:6
Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
Truly Pharaoh elated himself in the land and broke up its people into sections, depressing a small group among them: their sons he slew, but he kept alive their females: for he was indeed a maker of corruption.
Commentary of verses 28:1 to 28:6
Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
Wa nureedu an namunna 'alal lazeenas tud'ifoo fil ardi wa naj'alahum a'immatanw wa naj'alahumul waariseen
And We wished to be Gracious to those who were being depressed in the land, to make them leaders [in Faith] and make them heirs,
Commentary of verses 28:1 to 28:6
Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
Wa numakkina lahum fil ardi wa nuriya Fir'awna wa Haamaana wa junoodahumaa minhum maa kaanoo yahzaroon
To establish a firm place for them in the land, and to show Pharaoh, Haman, and their hosts, at their hands, the very things against which they were taking precautions.
Commentary of verses 28:1 to 28:6
Pharaoh created great turmoil in his land, favouring Egyptians while oppressing the Israelites. He ordered their newborn sons killed to slowly eliminate their race. This discrimination contradicted God's natural order—an act of corruption (fasad). Though Pharaoh sought dishonour for the Israelites, God's will was otherwise. God planned to grant them honour and power, and to destroy Pharaoh and his armies.
After the mission of Moses concluded, Pharaoh was given a final chance to repent but proved himself deserving of punishment. God ordained his drowning so his influence would vanish. The Israelites, having left Egypt, later became rulers of Syria and Palestine.
Wa awhainaaa ilaaa ummi Moosaaa an ardi'eehi faizaa khifti 'alaihi fa alqeehi filyammi wa laa takhaafee wa laa tahzaneee innaa raaaddoohu ilaiki wa jaa'iloohu minal mursaleen
So We sent this inspiration to the mother of Moses: "Suckle [your child], but when you have fears about him, cast him into the river, but fear not nor grieve: for We shall restore him to you, and We shall make him one of Our messengers."
Commentary of verses 28:7 to 28:9
Moses was born during a time when Israelite boys were being killed. His worried mother received divine guidance—perhaps through a dream—to place him in a small box and set it afloat on the Nile. Three months later, she did so. The box drifted to Pharaoh's palace, where his righteous wife Aasia saw the baby's innocent face and was moved with compassion. She persuaded Pharaoh to keep him. Tradition says she remarked the child might bring them joy, to which Pharaoh replied, 'For you, not for me.' Though spoken without sentiment, his words proved prophetic.
Faltaqatahooo Aalu Fir'awna li yakoona lahum 'aduwwanw wa hazanaa; inna Fir'awna wa Haamaana wa junooda humaa kaanoo khaati'een
Then the people of Pharaoh picked him up [from the river]: [It was intended] that [Moses] should be to them an adversary and a cause of sorrow: for Pharaoh and Haman and [all] their hosts were men of sin.
Commentary of verses 28:7 to 28:9
Moses was born during a time when Israelite boys were being killed. His worried mother received divine guidance—perhaps through a dream—to place him in a small box and set it afloat on the Nile. Three months later, she did so. The box drifted to Pharaoh's palace, where his righteous wife Aasia saw the baby's innocent face and was moved with compassion. She persuaded Pharaoh to keep him. Tradition says she remarked the child might bring them joy, to which Pharaoh replied, 'For you, not for me.' Though spoken without sentiment, his words proved prophetic.
Wa qaalatim ra atu Fir'awna qurratu 'aynil lee wa lak; laa taqtuloohu 'asaaa aiyanfa'anaa aw nattakhizahoo waladanw wa hum laa yash'uroon
The wife of Pharaoh said: "[Here is] joy of the eye, for me and for you: slay him not. It may be that he will be use to us, or we may adopt him as a son." And they perceived not [what they were doing]!
Commentary of verses 28:7 to 28:9
Moses was born during a time when Israelite boys were being killed. His worried mother received divine guidance—perhaps through a dream—to place him in a small box and set it afloat on the Nile. Three months later, she did so. The box drifted to Pharaoh's palace, where his righteous wife Aasia saw the baby's innocent face and was moved with compassion. She persuaded Pharaoh to keep him. Tradition says she remarked the child might bring them joy, to which Pharaoh replied, 'For you, not for me.' Though spoken without sentiment, his words proved prophetic.
Wa asbaha fu'aadu ummi Moosaa faarighan in kaadat latubdee bihee law laaa arrabatnaa 'alaa qalbihaa litakoona minal mu'mineen
But there came to be a void in the heart of the mother of Moses: She was going almost to disclose his [case], had We not strengthened her heart [with faith], so that she might remain a [firm] believer.
Commentary of verses 28:10 to 28:14
Though Moses's survival appeared to follow natural events, it was entirely God's doing. This teaches us that in this world of trial, divine will operates through ordinary causes, not through miracles. Moses was cast helplessly into the river, yet reached safety. The very king who sought to destroy him ended up raising him. Born into a humble family, Moses was brought into the royal household and given the finest education. This demonstrates that God's power knows no limits, and no force can obstruct His plans.
Wa qaalat li ukhtihee qusseehi fabasurat bihee 'an junubinw wahum laa yash'uroon
And she said to the sister of [Moses], "Follow him" so she [the sister] watched him in the character of a stranger. And they knew not.
Commentary of verses 28:10 to 28:14
Though Moses's survival appeared to follow natural events, it was entirely God's doing. This teaches us that in this world of trial, divine will operates through ordinary causes, not through miracles. Moses was cast helplessly into the river, yet reached safety. The very king who sought to destroy him ended up raising him. Born into a humble family, Moses was brought into the royal household and given the finest education. This demonstrates that God's power knows no limits, and no force can obstruct His plans.
Wa harramnaa 'alaihil maraadi'a min qablu faqaalat hal adullukum 'alaaa ahli baitiny yakfuloonahoo lakum wa hum lahoo naasihoon
And we ordained that he refused suck at first, until [His sister came up and] said: "Shall I point out to you the people of a house that will nourish and bring him up for you and be sincerely attached to him?"..
Commentary of verses 28:10 to 28:14
Though Moses's survival appeared to follow natural events, it was entirely God's doing. This teaches us that in this world of trial, divine will operates through ordinary causes, not through miracles. Moses was cast helplessly into the river, yet reached safety. The very king who sought to destroy him ended up raising him. Born into a humble family, Moses was brought into the royal household and given the finest education. This demonstrates that God's power knows no limits, and no force can obstruct His plans.
Faradadnaahu ilaa ummihee kai taqarra 'ainuhaa wa laa tahzana wa lita'lama anna wa'dal laahi haqqunw wa laakinna aksarahum laa ya'lamoon
Thus did We restore him to his mother, that her eye might be comforted, that she might not grieve, and that she might know that the promise of Allah is true: but most of them do not understand.
Commentary of verses 28:10 to 28:14
Though Moses's survival appeared to follow natural events, it was entirely God's doing. This teaches us that in this world of trial, divine will operates through ordinary causes, not through miracles. Moses was cast helplessly into the river, yet reached safety. The very king who sought to destroy him ended up raising him. Born into a humble family, Moses was brought into the royal household and given the finest education. This demonstrates that God's power knows no limits, and no force can obstruct His plans.
Wa lammaa balagha ashuddahoo wastawaaa aatai naahu hukmanw wa 'ilmaa; wa kazaalika najzil muhsineen
When he reached full age, and was firmly established [in life], We bestowed on him wisdom and knowledge: for thus do We reward those who do good.
Commentary of verses 28:10 to 28:14
Though Moses's survival appeared to follow natural events, it was entirely God's doing. This teaches us that in this world of trial, divine will operates through ordinary causes, not through miracles. Moses was cast helplessly into the river, yet reached safety. The very king who sought to destroy him ended up raising him. Born into a humble family, Moses was brought into the royal household and given the finest education. This demonstrates that God's power knows no limits, and no force can obstruct His plans.
Wa dakhalal madeenata 'alaa heene ghaflatim min ahlihaa fawajada feeha raju laini yaqtatilaani haazaa min shee'atihee wa haaza min 'aduwwihee fastaghaasahul lazee min shee'atihee 'alal lazee min 'aduwwihee fawakazahoo Moosaa faqadaa 'alaihi qaala haaza min 'amalish Shaitaani innahoo 'aduwwum mmudillum mubeen
And he entered the city at a time when its people were not watching: and he found there two men fighting, one of his own religion, and the other, of his foes. Now the man of his own religion appealed to him against his foe, and Moses struck him with his fist and made an end of him.
He said: "This is a work of Evil [Satan]: for he is an enemy that manifestly misleads!"
Commentary of verses 28:15 to 28:17
This incident occurred in Egypt before Moses became a prophet. He witnessed an Egyptian fighting an Israelite, who called Moses for help. Trying to separate them, Moses struck the Egyptian in self-defence, unintentionally causing his death. At the time, Egyptians were oppressing Israelites severely. Yet Moses did not treat the killing as a heroic act. Instead, he immediately turned to God in repentance, promising never to support wrongdoers without proper inquiry. This teaches that a person's claim of oppression, or their membership of an oppressed group, is not sufficient proof. Support should only follow impartial investigation of the facts.
He prayed: "O my Lord! I have indeed wronged my soul! Do You then forgive me!" So [Allah] forgave him: for He is the Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Commentary of verses 28:15 to 28:17
This incident occurred in Egypt before Moses became a prophet. He witnessed an Egyptian fighting an Israelite, who called Moses for help. Trying to separate them, Moses struck the Egyptian in self-defence, unintentionally causing his death. At the time, Egyptians were oppressing Israelites severely. Yet Moses did not treat the killing as a heroic act. Instead, he immediately turned to God in repentance, promising never to support wrongdoers without proper inquiry. This teaches that a person's claim of oppression, or their membership of an oppressed group, is not sufficient proof. Support should only follow impartial investigation of the facts.
He said: "O my Lord! For that You have bestowed Your Grace on me, never shall I be a help to those who sin!"
Commentary of verses 28:15 to 28:17
This incident occurred in Egypt before Moses became a prophet. He witnessed an Egyptian fighting an Israelite, who called Moses for help. Trying to separate them, Moses struck the Egyptian in self-defence, unintentionally causing his death. At the time, Egyptians were oppressing Israelites severely. Yet Moses did not treat the killing as a heroic act. Instead, he immediately turned to God in repentance, promising never to support wrongdoers without proper inquiry. This teaches that a person's claim of oppression, or their membership of an oppressed group, is not sufficient proof. Support should only follow impartial investigation of the facts.
Fa asbaha fil madeenati khaaa'ifany yataraqqabu fa izal lazis tansarahoo bil amsi yastasrikhuh; qaala lahoo moosaaa innaka laghawiyyum mubeen
So he saw the morning in the city, looking about, in a state of fear, when behold, the man who had, the day before, sought his help called aloud for his help [again]. Moses said to him: "You are truly, it is clear, a quarrelsome fellow!"
Commentary of verses 28:18 to 28:21
The next day, Moses found the same Israelite fighting another Egyptian, revealing him as a habitual troublemaker. Despite being a fellow Israelite, Moses held him accountable. When Moses criticised him, the man spitefully revealed the previous day's killing, which had been secret until then. The news spread, eventually reaching Pharaoh's court, where Moses's execution was discussed. A sympathetic man warned Moses privately, prompting him to flee Egypt for Midian, a region beyond Pharaoh's reach on the western coast of the Gulf of Aqaba.
Falammaaa an araada ai yabtisha billazee huwa 'aduwwul lahumaa qaala yaa Moosaaa atureedu an taqtulanee kamaa qatalta nafsam bil amsi in tureedu illaaa an takoona jabbaaram fil ardi wa maa tureedu an takoona minal musliheen
Then, when he decided to lay hold of the man who was an enemy to both of them, that man said: "O Moses! Is it your intention to slay me as you slewest a man yesterday? Your intention is none other than to become a powerful violent man in the land, and not to be one who sets things right!"
Commentary of verses 28:18 to 28:21
The next day, Moses found the same Israelite fighting another Egyptian, revealing him as a habitual troublemaker. Despite being a fellow Israelite, Moses held him accountable. When Moses criticised him, the man spitefully revealed the previous day's killing, which had been secret until then. The news spread, eventually reaching Pharaoh's court, where Moses's execution was discussed. A sympathetic man warned Moses privately, prompting him to flee Egypt for Midian, a region beyond Pharaoh's reach on the western coast of the Gulf of Aqaba.
Wa jaaa'a rajulum min aqsal madeenati yas'aa qaala yaa Moosaaa innal mala a yaa tamiroona bika liyaqtulooka fakhruj innee laka minan naasiheen
And there came a man, running, from the furthest end of the City. He said: "O Moses! the Chiefs are taking counsel together about you, to slay you: so get you away, for I do give you sincere advice."
Commentary of verses 28:18 to 28:21
The next day, Moses found the same Israelite fighting another Egyptian, revealing him as a habitual troublemaker. Despite being a fellow Israelite, Moses held him accountable. When Moses criticised him, the man spitefully revealed the previous day's killing, which had been secret until then. The news spread, eventually reaching Pharaoh's court, where Moses's execution was discussed. A sympathetic man warned Moses privately, prompting him to flee Egypt for Midian, a region beyond Pharaoh's reach on the western coast of the Gulf of Aqaba.
He therefore got away therefrom, looking about, in a state of fear. He prayed "O my Lord! save me from people given to wrong-doing."
Commentary of verses 28:18 to 28:21
The next day, Moses found the same Israelite fighting another Egyptian, revealing him as a habitual troublemaker. Despite being a fellow Israelite, Moses held him accountable. When Moses criticised him, the man spitefully revealed the previous day's killing, which had been secret until then. The news spread, eventually reaching Pharaoh's court, where Moses's execution was discussed. A sympathetic man warned Moses privately, prompting him to flee Egypt for Midian, a region beyond Pharaoh's reach on the western coast of the Gulf of Aqaba.
Wa lammaa tawajjaha tilqaaa'a Madyana qaala 'asaa Rabbeee ai yahdiyanee Sawaaa'as Sabeel
Then, when he turned his face towards [the land of] Madyan, he said: "I do hope that my Lord will show me the smooth and straight Path."
Commentary of verses 28:22 to 28:24
Moses set out on a journey into the unknown, placing his trust entirely in God. After ten days, he reached Midian. There, he helped two young women water their flock—an act reflecting his natural urge to assist the vulnerable. Their father was a descendant of Abraham through Midian, making them distant relatives of Moses, who descended from Isaac. In his moment of need, Moses prayed sincerely: 'Lord, I am truly in need of whatever blessing You may send.' This prayer embodies the believer's approach—entrusting everything to God, confident that whatever He provides is good.
Wa lammaa warada maaa'a Madyana wajada 'alaihi ummatam minannaasi yasqoona wa wajada min doonihimum ra ataini tazoodaani qaala maa khatubkumaa qaalataa laa nasqee hataa yusdirar ri'aaa'u wa aboonaa shaikhun kabeer
And when he arrived at the watering [place] in Madyan, he found there a group of men watering [their flocks], and besides them he found two women who were keeping back [their flocks]. He said: "What is the matter with you?" They said: "We cannot water [our flocks] until the shepherds take back [their flocks]: And our father is a very old man."
Commentary of verses 28:22 to 28:24
Moses set out on a journey into the unknown, placing his trust entirely in God. After ten days, he reached Midian. There, he helped two young women water their flock—an act reflecting his natural urge to assist the vulnerable. Their father was a descendant of Abraham through Midian, making them distant relatives of Moses, who descended from Isaac. In his moment of need, Moses prayed sincerely: 'Lord, I am truly in need of whatever blessing You may send.' This prayer embodies the believer's approach—entrusting everything to God, confident that whatever He provides is good.
Fasaqaa lahumaa summa tawallaaa ilaz zilli faqaala Rabbi innee limaaa anzalta ilaiya min khairin faqeer
So he watered [their flocks] for them; then he turned back to the shade, and said:"O my Lord! truly am I in [desperate] need of any good that You do send me!"
Commentary of verses 28:22 to 28:24
Moses set out on a journey into the unknown, placing his trust entirely in God. After ten days, he reached Midian. There, he helped two young women water their flock—an act reflecting his natural urge to assist the vulnerable. Their father was a descendant of Abraham through Midian, making them distant relatives of Moses, who descended from Isaac. In his moment of need, Moses prayed sincerely: 'Lord, I am truly in need of whatever blessing You may send.' This prayer embodies the believer's approach—entrusting everything to God, confident that whatever He provides is good.
Fajaaa'at hu ihdaahumaa tamshee 'alas tihyaaa'in qaalat inna abee yad'ooka li yajziyaka ajra maa saqaita lanaa; falammaa jaaa'ahoo wa qassa 'alaihil qasasa qaala laa takhaf najawta minal qawmiz zaalimeen
Afterwards one of the [damsels] came [back] to him, walking bashfully. She said: "My father invites you that he may reward you for having watered [our flocks] for us." So when he came to him and narrated the story, he said: "Fear you not: [well] have you escaped from unjust people."
Commentary of verses 28:25 to 28:28
The girls returned home early that day and told their father about the traveller who had helped them. He sent one of them back to invite Moses to share their meal. Within days, Moses's honesty and hard work became evident, and the elderly man offered him permanent employment. These two qualities—honesty and diligence—encompass all essential virtues and are the best standards for judging character. Later, the man gave Moses one of his daughters in marriage, on the condition that he remain in his service for eight to ten years, after which he would be free to leave.
Said one of the [damsels]: "O my [dear] father! engage him on wages: truly the best of men for you to employ is the [man] who is strong and trusty"..
Commentary of verses 28:25 to 28:28
The girls returned home early that day and told their father about the traveller who had helped them. He sent one of them back to invite Moses to share their meal. Within days, Moses's honesty and hard work became evident, and the elderly man offered him permanent employment. These two qualities—honesty and diligence—encompass all essential virtues and are the best standards for judging character. Later, the man gave Moses one of his daughters in marriage, on the condition that he remain in his service for eight to ten years, after which he would be free to leave.
Qaala innee ureedu an unkihaka ihdab nataiya haataini 'alaaa an taajuranee samaaniya hijaj; fa in atmamta 'ashran famin 'indika wa maaa ureedu an ashuqqa 'alaik; satajiduneee in shaaa'al laahu minas saaliheen
He said: "I intend to wed one of these my daughters to you, on condition that you serve me for eight years; but if you complete ten years, it will be [grace] from you. But I intend not to place you under a difficulty: you will find me, indeed, if Allah wills, one of the righteous."
Commentary of verses 28:25 to 28:28
The girls returned home early that day and told their father about the traveller who had helped them. He sent one of them back to invite Moses to share their meal. Within days, Moses's honesty and hard work became evident, and the elderly man offered him permanent employment. These two qualities—honesty and diligence—encompass all essential virtues and are the best standards for judging character. Later, the man gave Moses one of his daughters in marriage, on the condition that he remain in his service for eight to ten years, after which he would be free to leave.
Qaala zaalika bainee wa bainaka aiyamal ajalaini qadaitu falaa 'udwaana 'alaiya wallaahu 'alaa ma naqoolu Wakeel
He said: "Be that [the agreement] between me and you: whichever of the two terms I fulfil, let there be no ill-will to me. Be Allah a witness to what we say."
Commentary of verses 28:25 to 28:28
The girls returned home early that day and told their father about the traveller who had helped them. He sent one of them back to invite Moses to share their meal. Within days, Moses's honesty and hard work became evident, and the elderly man offered him permanent employment. These two qualities—honesty and diligence—encompass all essential virtues and are the best standards for judging character. Later, the man gave Moses one of his daughters in marriage, on the condition that he remain in his service for eight to ten years, after which he would be free to leave.
Falammmaa qadaa Moosal ajala wa saara bi ahliheee aanasa min jaanibit Toori naaran qaala li ahlihim kusooo inneee aanastu naaral la 'alleee aateekum minhaa bikhabarin aw jazwatim minan naari la 'allakum tastaloon
Now when Moses had fulfilled the term, and was travelling with his family, he perceived a fire in the direction of Mount Tur. He said to his family: "Tarry you; I perceive a fire; I hope to bring you from there some information, or a burning firebrand, that you may warm yourselves."
Commentary of verses 28:29 to 28:32
Moses stayed in Midian for about ten years. During this time, the Pharaoh died and was succeeded by another. Moses then departed for Egypt with his wife, and according to the Torah, two children. On the journey, he experienced a divine encounter at Mount Sinai. God, who spoke directly to Moses there, could similarly address all humanity. Yet this is not His way. Direct communication removes the veil, whereas the trial of human life requires it to remain. Therefore, God reveals His message to chosen individuals, who then convey it to others indirectly.
Falammaaa ataahaa noodiya min shaati'il waadil aimani fil buq'atil muubaarakati minash shajarati ai yaa Moosaaa inneee Anal laahu Rabbul 'aalameen
But when he came to the [fire], a voice was heard from the right bank of the valley, from a tree in hallowed ground: "O Moses! Indeed I am Allah, the Lord of the Worlds..
Commentary of verses 28:29 to 28:32
Moses stayed in Midian for about ten years. During this time, the Pharaoh died and was succeeded by another. Moses then departed for Egypt with his wife, and according to the Torah, two children. On the journey, he experienced a divine encounter at Mount Sinai. God, who spoke directly to Moses there, could similarly address all humanity. Yet this is not His way. Direct communication removes the veil, whereas the trial of human life requires it to remain. Therefore, God reveals His message to chosen individuals, who then convey it to others indirectly.
Wa an alqi 'asaaka falam maa ra aahaa tahtazzu ka annnahaa jaaannunw wallaa mudbiranw wa lam yu'aqqib; yaa Moosaa aqbil wa laa takhaf innaka minal aamineen
"Now do you throw your rod!" but when he saw it moving [of its own accord] as if it had been a snake, he turned back in retreat, and retraced not his steps: O Moses!" [It was said], "Draw near, and fear not: for you are of those who are secure.
Commentary of verses 28:29 to 28:32
Moses stayed in Midian for about ten years. During this time, the Pharaoh died and was succeeded by another. Moses then departed for Egypt with his wife, and according to the Torah, two children. On the journey, he experienced a divine encounter at Mount Sinai. God, who spoke directly to Moses there, could similarly address all humanity. Yet this is not His way. Direct communication removes the veil, whereas the trial of human life requires it to remain. Therefore, God reveals His message to chosen individuals, who then convey it to others indirectly.
Usluk yadaka fee jaibika takhruj baidaaa'a min ghairi sooo'inw wadmum ilaika janaahaka minar rahbi fazaanika burhaanaani mir Rabbika ilaa Fiw'awna wa mala'ih; innahum kaanoo qawman faasiqeen
"Move your hand into your bosom, and it will come forth white without stain [or harm], and draw your hand close to your side [to guard] against fear. Those are the two credentials from your Lord to Pharaoh and his Chiefs: for truly they are a people rebellious and wicked."
Commentary of verses 28:29 to 28:32
Moses stayed in Midian for about ten years. During this time, the Pharaoh died and was succeeded by another. Moses then departed for Egypt with his wife, and according to the Torah, two children. On the journey, he experienced a divine encounter at Mount Sinai. God, who spoke directly to Moses there, could similarly address all humanity. Yet this is not His way. Direct communication removes the veil, whereas the trial of human life requires it to remain. Therefore, God reveals His message to chosen individuals, who then convey it to others indirectly.
Qaala Rabbi innee qataltu minhum nafsan fa akhaafu ai yaqtuloon
He said: "O my Lord! I have slain a man among them, and I fear lest they slay me.
Commentary of verses 28:33 to 28:35
When God appoints someone as His messenger, He equips them with everything necessary for their mission. Moses was given miraculous signs as proof of his appointment and the support of his brother Aaron. He was blessed with a commanding presence so that Pharaoh and his people would not dare harm him. Ultimately, God decreed that Moses and his followers would prevail.
Wa akhee Haaroonu huwa afsahu minnee lisaanan fa arsilhu ma'iya rid ai yusaddiquneee innee akhaafu ai yukazziboon
"And my brother Aaron - He is more eloquent in speech than I: so send him with me as a helper, to confirm [and strengthen] me: for I fear that they may accuse me of falsehood."
Commentary of verses 28:33 to 28:35
When God appoints someone as His messenger, He equips them with everything necessary for their mission. Moses was given miraculous signs as proof of his appointment and the support of his brother Aaron. He was blessed with a commanding presence so that Pharaoh and his people would not dare harm him. Ultimately, God decreed that Moses and his followers would prevail.
Qaala sanashuddu 'adudaka bi akheeka wa naj'alu lakumaa sultaanan falaa yasiloona ilaikumaa; bi Aayaatinaa antumaa wa manit taba'akumal ghaaliboon
He said: "We will certainly strengthen your arm through your brother, and invest you both with authority, so they shall not be able to touch you: with Our Sign shall you triumph, you two as well as those who follow you."
Commentary of verses 28:33 to 28:35
When God appoints someone as His messenger, He equips them with everything necessary for their mission. Moses was given miraculous signs as proof of his appointment and the support of his brother Aaron. He was blessed with a commanding presence so that Pharaoh and his people would not dare harm him. Ultimately, God decreed that Moses and his followers would prevail.
Falammaa jaaa'ahum Moosaa bi Aayaatinaa baiyinaatin qaaloo maa haazaaa illaa sihrum muftaranw wa maa sami'naa bihaazaa feee aabaaa'inal awwaleen
When Moses came to them with Our clear signs, they said: "This is nothing but sorcery faked up: never did we head the like among our fathers of old!"
Commentary of verses 28:36 to 28:36
The message taught by the Prophet Muhammad was identical to that taught by Abraham. Yet the People of the Book, who claimed to follow Abraham, led the opposition against him. Why? Because the religion taught by both Abraham and the Prophet was Islam—complete submission to God. Abraham passed this faith down to his descendants.
But the religion practised by the People of the Book had drifted far from true submission. They had allowed their faith to become a set of empty rituals, believing these alone would grant them entry to Paradise. In contrast, the religion brought by the Prophet made salvation dependent on righteous deeds. The People of the Book thought their lineage of saints and prophets would secure their redemption. There was thus a profound gulf between the true religion of Abraham and what the People of the Book attributed to him. Genuine faith rests on accepting divine guidance revealed through the prophets, not on inherited traditions accumulated over generations.
Wa qaala Moosaa Rabbeee a'alamu biman jaaa'a bilhudaa min 'indihee wa man takoonu lahoo 'aaqibatud daari innahoo laa yuflihuz zaalimoon
Moses said: "My Lord knows best who it is that comes with guidance from Him and whose end will be best in the Hereafter: certain it is that the wrongdoers will not be successful."
Commentary of verses 28:37 to 28:38
Pharaoh's claim that he knew of no deity besides himself was not a genuine theological position. He made this declaration purely to belittle Moses and undermine his message. Likewise, his command to Haman to build a towering structure so he could look into the heavens and see Moses's God was never a serious order. It was nothing more than scornful mockery, intended to ridicule Moses and dismiss his call to monotheism.
Wa qaala Fir'awnu yaaa aiyuhal mala-u maa 'alimtu lakum min ilaahin ghairee fa awqid lee yaa Haamaanu 'alatteeni faj'al lee sarhal la'alleee attali'u ilaaa ilaahi Moosaa wa innee la azunnuhoo minal kaazibeen
Pharaoh said: "O Chiefs! no god do I know for you but myself: therefore, O Haman! light me a [kiln to bake bricks] out of clay, and build me a lofty palace, that I may mount up to the god of Moses: but as far as I am concerned, I think [Moses] is a liar!"
Commentary of verses 28:37 to 28:38
Pharaoh's claim that he knew of no deity besides himself was not a genuine theological position. He made this declaration purely to belittle Moses and undermine his message. Likewise, his command to Haman to build a towering structure so he could look into the heavens and see Moses's God was never a serious order. It was nothing more than scornful mockery, intended to ridicule Moses and dismiss his call to monotheism.
Wastakbara huwa wa junooduhoo fil ardi bighairil haqqi wa zannooo annahum ilainaa laa yurja'oon
And he was arrogant and insolent in the land, beyond reason, He and his hosts: they thought that they would not have to return to Us!
Commentary of verses 28:39 to 28:43
Moses's mission was to bring about a spiritual transformation, instilling the fear and consciousness of God in every individual, including rulers. When people gain power and authority, they often fall into arrogance, and Pharaoh was no exception. Moses warned him that if he persisted in his pride, God would seize him with punishment. Pharaoh ignored this counsel and continued to act with hubris. As a result, he was ultimately destroyed by drowning, a clear consequence of refusing divine guidance.
Fa akhaznaahu wa junoo dahoo fanabaznaahum fil yammi fanzur kaifa kaana 'aaqibatuz zaalimeen
So We seized him and his hosts, and We flung them into the sea: Now behold what was the end of those who did wrong!
Commentary of verses 28:39 to 28:43
Moses's mission was to bring about a spiritual transformation, instilling the fear and consciousness of God in every individual, including rulers. When people gain power and authority, they often fall into arrogance, and Pharaoh was no exception. Moses warned him that if he persisted in his pride, God would seize him with punishment. Pharaoh ignored this counsel and continued to act with hubris. As a result, he was ultimately destroyed by drowning, a clear consequence of refusing divine guidance.
Wa ja'alnaahum a'immatany yad'oona ilan Naari wa Yawmal Qiyaamati laa yunsaroon
And we made them [but] leaders inviting to the Fire; and on the Day of Judgement no help shall they find.
Commentary of verses 28:39 to 28:43
Moses's mission was to bring about a spiritual transformation, instilling the fear and consciousness of God in every individual, including rulers. When people gain power and authority, they often fall into arrogance, and Pharaoh was no exception. Moses warned him that if he persisted in his pride, God would seize him with punishment. Pharaoh ignored this counsel and continued to act with hubris. As a result, he was ultimately destroyed by drowning, a clear consequence of refusing divine guidance.
Wa atba'naahum fee haazihid dunyaa la'natanw wa Yawmal Qiyaamati hum minal maqbooheen
in this world We made a curse to follow them and on the Day of Judgement they will be among the loathed [and despised].
Commentary of verses 28:39 to 28:43
Moses's mission was to bring about a spiritual transformation, instilling the fear and consciousness of God in every individual, including rulers. When people gain power and authority, they often fall into arrogance, and Pharaoh was no exception. Moses warned him that if he persisted in his pride, God would seize him with punishment. Pharaoh ignored this counsel and continued to act with hubris. As a result, he was ultimately destroyed by drowning, a clear consequence of refusing divine guidance.
Wa laqad aatainaa Moosal Kitaaba mim ba'di maaa ahlaknal quroonal oolaa basaaa'ira linnaasi wa hudanw wa rahmatal la'allahum yata zakkkaroon
We did reveal to Moses the Book after We had destroyed the earlier generations, [to give] Insight to men, and guidance and Mercy, that they might receive reminder.
Commentary of verses 28:39 to 28:43
Moses's mission was to bring about a spiritual transformation, instilling the fear and consciousness of God in every individual, including rulers. When people gain power and authority, they often fall into arrogance, and Pharaoh was no exception. Moses warned him that if he persisted in his pride, God would seize him with punishment. Pharaoh ignored this counsel and continued to act with hubris. As a result, he was ultimately destroyed by drowning, a clear consequence of refusing divine guidance.
Wa maa kunta bijaanibil gharbiyyi iz qadainaaa ilaa Moosal amra wa maa kunta minash shaahideen
You were not on the Western side when We decreed the Commission to Moses, nor were you a witness [of those events].
Commentary of verses 28:44 to 28:46
Through the Quran, the Prophet Muhammad recounted the life of Moses with such vivid detail it was as though he had witnessed these events firsthand, despite being born two thousand years later in Makkah. This level of accuracy is clear evidence that the Quran is the word of God, not a human composition. At the time, accounts of Moses existed only in non-Arabic Jewish scriptures, far beyond the Prophet's reach. Moreover, the Quran corrects key inaccuracies found in the Bible. For instance, the Quran states Moses accidentally killed the Egyptian, whereas the Bible suggests deliberate intent. The Quranic version aligns with Moses's righteous character. Only divine revelation from the All-Knowing can explain such precision.
Wa laakinnaa anshaanaa quroonan fatataawala 'alaihimul 'umur; wa maa kunta saawiyan feee ahli Madyana tatloo 'alaihim Aayaatinaa wa laakinnaa kunnaa mursileen
But We raised up [new] generations, and long were the ages that passed over them; but you were not a dweller among the people of Madyan, rehearsing Our verses to them; but it is We Who send messengers [with inspiration].
Commentary of verses 28:44 to 28:46
Through the Quran, the Prophet Muhammad recounted the life of Moses with such vivid detail it was as though he had witnessed these events firsthand, despite being born two thousand years later in Makkah. This level of accuracy is clear evidence that the Quran is the word of God, not a human composition. At the time, accounts of Moses existed only in non-Arabic Jewish scriptures, far beyond the Prophet's reach. Moreover, the Quran corrects key inaccuracies found in the Bible. For instance, the Quran states Moses accidentally killed the Egyptian, whereas the Bible suggests deliberate intent. The Quranic version aligns with Moses's righteous character. Only divine revelation from the All-Knowing can explain such precision.
Wa maa kunta bijaanibit Toori iz naadainaa wa laakir rahmatam mir Rabbika litunzira qawmam maaa ataahum min nazeerim min qablika la'allahum yatazakkaroon
Nor were you at the side of [the Mountain of] Tur when we called [to Moses]. Yet [art you sent] as Mercy from your Lord, to give warning to a people to whom no warner had come before you: in order that they may receive reminder.
Commentary of verses 28:44 to 28:46
Through the Quran, the Prophet Muhammad recounted the life of Moses with such vivid detail it was as though he had witnessed these events firsthand, despite being born two thousand years later in Makkah. This level of accuracy is clear evidence that the Quran is the word of God, not a human composition. At the time, accounts of Moses existed only in non-Arabic Jewish scriptures, far beyond the Prophet's reach. Moreover, the Quran corrects key inaccuracies found in the Bible. For instance, the Quran states Moses accidentally killed the Egyptian, whereas the Bible suggests deliberate intent. The Quranic version aligns with Moses's righteous character. Only divine revelation from the All-Knowing can explain such precision.
Wa law laaa an tuseebahum museebatum bimaa qaddamat aideehim fa yaqooloo Rabbanaa law laaa arsalta ilainaa Rasoolan fanattabi'a Aayaatika wa nakoona minal mu'mineen
If [We had] not [sent you to the Quraish], in case a calamity should seize them for [the deeds] that their hands have sent forth, they might say: "Our Lord! why did You not sent us a messenger? We should then have followed Your Signs and been amongst those who believe!"
Commentary of verses 28:47 to 28:48
When Moses presented miracles to the ancient Egyptians, they dismissed them as magic. Later, when the Prophet Muhammad offered logical arguments, people demanded miracles like those of Moses. Such objections reflect a lack of sincerity. In this world, accepting truth requires earnestness and an honest heart. Those who are not serious will always find new excuses and objections, no matter how clear the evidence. Truth cannot force itself upon the insincere; they will continue to deny it regardless of what is presented to them.
Falammaa jaaa'ahumul haqqu min 'indinaa qaaloo law laa ootiya misla maaa ootiyaa Moosaa; awalam yakfuroo bimaaa ootiya Moosaa min qablu qaaloo sihraani tazaaharaa wa qaalooo innaa bikullin kaafiroon
But [now], when the Truth has come to them from Ourselves, they say, "Why are not [Signs] sent to him, like those which were sent to Moses?" Do they not then reject [the Signs] which were formerly sent to Moses? They say: "Two kinds of sorcery, each assisting the other!" And they say: "For us, we reject all [such things]!"
Commentary of verses 28:47 to 28:48
When Moses presented miracles to the ancient Egyptians, they dismissed them as magic. Later, when the Prophet Muhammad offered logical arguments, people demanded miracles like those of Moses. Such objections reflect a lack of sincerity. In this world, accepting truth requires earnestness and an honest heart. Those who are not serious will always find new excuses and objections, no matter how clear the evidence. Truth cannot force itself upon the insincere; they will continue to deny it regardless of what is presented to them.
Qul faatoo bi Kitaabim min 'indil laahi huwa ahdaa minhu maaa attabi'hu in kuntum saadiqeen
Say: "Then bring you a Book from Allah, which is a better guide than either of them, that I may follow it! [do], if you are truthful!"
Commentary of verses 28:49 to 28:51
The true test of any message is whether it stands on its own merit. If a teaching proves itself to be inherently true, that should be enough for acceptance. Only truth can recognise truth. When someone rejects a truth without offering anything superior in its place, it shows they are following their own desires rather than reason. Such people have gone astray and are among the worst in conduct. God regards them as transgressors, and they will be treated accordingly.
Fa il lam yastajeeboo laka fa'lam annamaa yattabi'oona ahwaaa'ahum; w aman adallu mimmanit taba'a hawaahu bighari hudam minal laah; innal laaha laa yahdil qawmaz zaalimeen
But if they hearken not to you, know that they only follow their own lusts: and who is more astray than one who follow his own lusts, devoid of guidance from Allah? for Allah guides not people given to wrong-doing.
Commentary of verses 28:49 to 28:51
The true test of any message is whether it stands on its own merit. If a teaching proves itself to be inherently true, that should be enough for acceptance. Only truth can recognise truth. When someone rejects a truth without offering anything superior in its place, it shows they are following their own desires rather than reason. Such people have gone astray and are among the worst in conduct. God regards them as transgressors, and they will be treated accordingly.
Wa laqad wassalnaa lahumul qawla la'allahum yatazakkaroon
Now have We caused the Word to reach them themselves, in order that they may receive reminder.
Commentary of verses 28:49 to 28:51
The true test of any message is whether it stands on its own merit. If a teaching proves itself to be inherently true, that should be enough for acceptance. Only truth can recognise truth. When someone rejects a truth without offering anything superior in its place, it shows they are following their own desires rather than reason. Such people have gone astray and are among the worst in conduct. God regards them as transgressors, and they will be treated accordingly.
Allazeena aatainaahu mul Kitaaba min qablihee hum bihee yu'minoon
Those to whom We sent the Book before this, they do believe in this [revelation]:
Commentary of verses 28:52 to 28:56
There are two ways people accept a belief: because it is true, or because it is familiar within their community. Those who accept truth for its own sake are guided by God. Early Muslims, including some Christians and Jews, embraced Islam immediately upon hearing the Quran because they had remained steadfast in following previous prophets sincerely. They recognised the final Prophet just as they had recognised earlier ones. This required patience—resisting social and historical pressures that turn religion into a tribal or inherited identity. Such people sacrifice deeply to keep their minds free and open to truth from any source. They will receive a double reward: one for maintaining their sincerity, and another for recognising and supporting the new prophet. High moral character naturally develops in those with this ability: they respond to harm with goodness, help others, and avoid pointless arguments.
Wa izaa yutlaa 'alaihim qaaloo aamannaa biheee innahul haqqu mir rabbinaaa innaa kunnaa min qablihee muslimeen
And when it is recited to them, they say: "We believe therein, for it is the Truth from our Lord: indeed we have been Muslims (bowing to Allah's Will) from before this.
Commentary of verses 28:52 to 28:56
There are two ways people accept a belief: because it is true, or because it is familiar within their community. Those who accept truth for its own sake are guided by God. Early Muslims, including some Christians and Jews, embraced Islam immediately upon hearing the Quran because they had remained steadfast in following previous prophets sincerely. They recognised the final Prophet just as they had recognised earlier ones. This required patience—resisting social and historical pressures that turn religion into a tribal or inherited identity. Such people sacrifice deeply to keep their minds free and open to truth from any source. They will receive a double reward: one for maintaining their sincerity, and another for recognising and supporting the new prophet. High moral character naturally develops in those with this ability: they respond to harm with goodness, help others, and avoid pointless arguments.
Ulaaa'ika yu'tawna ajrahum marratayni bimaa sabaroo wa yadra'oona bil hasanatis saiyi'ata wa mimmmaa razaq naahum yunfiqoon
Twice will they be given their reward, for that they have persevered, that they avert Evil with Good, and that they spend [in charity] out of what We have given them.
Commentary of verses 28:52 to 28:56
There are two ways people accept a belief: because it is true, or because it is familiar within their community. Those who accept truth for its own sake are guided by God. Early Muslims, including some Christians and Jews, embraced Islam immediately upon hearing the Quran because they had remained steadfast in following previous prophets sincerely. They recognised the final Prophet just as they had recognised earlier ones. This required patience—resisting social and historical pressures that turn religion into a tribal or inherited identity. Such people sacrifice deeply to keep their minds free and open to truth from any source. They will receive a double reward: one for maintaining their sincerity, and another for recognising and supporting the new prophet. High moral character naturally develops in those with this ability: they respond to harm with goodness, help others, and avoid pointless arguments.
Wa izaa sami'ul laghwa a'radoo 'anhu wa qaaloo lanaaa a'maalunaa wa lakum a'maalukum salaamun 'alaikum laa nabtaghil jaahileen
And when they hear vain talk, they turn away therefrom and say: "To us our deeds, and to you yours; peace be to you: we seek not the ignorant."
Commentary of verses 28:52 to 28:56
There are two ways people accept a belief: because it is true, or because it is familiar within their community. Those who accept truth for its own sake are guided by God. Early Muslims, including some Christians and Jews, embraced Islam immediately upon hearing the Quran because they had remained steadfast in following previous prophets sincerely. They recognised the final Prophet just as they had recognised earlier ones. This required patience—resisting social and historical pressures that turn religion into a tribal or inherited identity. Such people sacrifice deeply to keep their minds free and open to truth from any source. They will receive a double reward: one for maintaining their sincerity, and another for recognising and supporting the new prophet. High moral character naturally develops in those with this ability: they respond to harm with goodness, help others, and avoid pointless arguments.
Innaka laa tahdee man ahbata wa laakinna laaha yahdee mai yashaaa'; wa Huwaa'lamu bilmuhtadeen
It is true you will not be able to guide every one, whom you lov; but Allah guides those whom He will and He knows best those who receive guidance.
Commentary of verses 28:52 to 28:56
There are two ways people accept a belief: because it is true, or because it is familiar within their community. Those who accept truth for its own sake are guided by God. Early Muslims, including some Christians and Jews, embraced Islam immediately upon hearing the Quran because they had remained steadfast in following previous prophets sincerely. They recognised the final Prophet just as they had recognised earlier ones. This required patience—resisting social and historical pressures that turn religion into a tribal or inherited identity. Such people sacrifice deeply to keep their minds free and open to truth from any source. They will receive a double reward: one for maintaining their sincerity, and another for recognising and supporting the new prophet. High moral character naturally develops in those with this ability: they respond to harm with goodness, help others, and avoid pointless arguments.
Wa qaalooo in nattabi'il hudaa ma'aka nutakhattaf min ardinaa; awalam numakkkil lahum haraman aaminany yujbaaa ilaihi samaraatu kulli shai'ir rizqam mil ladunnaa wa laakinna aksarahum laa ya'lamoon
They say: "If we were to follow the guidance with you, we should be snatched away from our land." Have We not established for them a secure sanctuary, to which are brought as tribute fruits of all kinds, a provision from Ourselves? but most of them understand not.
Commentary of verses 28:57 to 28:57
In a darkened room, black and white appear the same. But when the lights come on, each is seen for what it truly is. So it is with God's message revealed to the prophets. The divine scriptures illuminate the world. When this light shines upon humanity, guidance and misguidance are clearly distinguished. Good and evil deeds, and their consequences, become plain.
Yet some, instead of accepting the truth, want it to serve their own purposes. God's light only confuses them. Hidden jealousy and pride take hold. When they see themselves in the divine mirror, negative emotions are stirred. Deep prejudices cloud their judgement. Though they have eyes, they cannot see; though they have ears, they cannot hear. They can neither perceive the call of truth nor respond to it. Rather than reflecting on what they hear, they dismiss it or refuse to listen altogether.
Wa kam ahlaknaa min qaryatim batirat ma'eeshatahaa fatilka masaainuhum lam tuskam mim ba'dihim illaa qaleelaa; wa kunnaa Nahnul waariseen
And how many populations We destroyed, which exulted in their life [of ease and plenty]! now those habitations of theirs, after them, are deserted, All but a [miserable] few! and We are their heirs!
Commentary of verses 28:58 to 28:59
Material prosperity often breeds arrogance, yet history proves such stability is never permanent. Whenever a community rejected truth, it was destroyed despite its wealth and power. Before Islam, nations like 'Ad, Thamud, Saba', Madyan, and the people of Lot rose to prominence in Arabia, only to fall into ruin due to their pride. Their remains stood as sobering reminders across the land. Yet in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the powerful among his people dismissed him, as if the lessons of the past held no meaning for them.
Wa maa kaana Rabbuka muhlikal quraa hattaa yab'asa feee ummihaa Rasoolany yatloo 'alaihim aayaatina; wa maa kunnaa muhlikil quraaa illaa wa ahluhaa zaalimoon
Nor was your Lord the one to destroy a population until He had sent to its centre a messenger, rehearsing to them Our verses; nor are We going to destroy a population except when its members practise iniquity.
Commentary of verses 28:58 to 28:59
Material prosperity often breeds arrogance, yet history proves such stability is never permanent. Whenever a community rejected truth, it was destroyed despite its wealth and power. Before Islam, nations like 'Ad, Thamud, Saba', Madyan, and the people of Lot rose to prominence in Arabia, only to fall into ruin due to their pride. Their remains stood as sobering reminders across the land. Yet in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the powerful among his people dismissed him, as if the lessons of the past held no meaning for them.
Wa maaa ooteetum min shai'in famataa'ul hayaatid dunyaa wa zeenatuhaa; wa maa 'indal laahi khairunw wa abqaa; afalaa ta'qiloon
The [material] things which you are given are but the conveniences of this life and the glitter thereof; but that which is with Allah is better and more enduring: will you not then be wise?
Commentary of verses 28:60 to 28:61
When death arrives, even the most powerful person must leave behind all worldly possessions. Material wealth and status cannot accompany anyone beyond this life—only righteous actions endure. True wisdom lies in prioritising lasting success over fleeting gains. A person should invest in their Hereafter rather than building temporary worldly standing, for that is what truly matters in the end.
Afamanw wa'adnaahu wa'dan hasanan fahuwa laaqeehi kamam matta'naahu mataa'al hayaatid dunyaa summa huwa Yawmal Qiyaamati minal muhdareen
Are [these two] alike?- one to whom We have made a goodly promise, and who is going to reach its [fulfilment], and one to whom We have given the good things of this life, but who, on the Day of Judgement, is to be among those brought up [for punishment]?
Commentary of verses 28:60 to 28:61
When death arrives, even the most powerful person must leave behind all worldly possessions. Material wealth and status cannot accompany anyone beyond this life—only righteous actions endure. True wisdom lies in prioritising lasting success over fleeting gains. A person should invest in their Hereafter rather than building temporary worldly standing, for that is what truly matters in the end.
Wa Yawma yunaadeehim fa-yaqoolu aina shurakaaa 'iyal lazeena kuntum taz'umoon
That Day [Allah] will call to them, and say "Where are my 'partners'?- whom you imagined [to be such]?"
Commentary of verses 28:62 to 28:63
On the Day of Judgement, those who followed misguided leaders—treating their words as divine—will face a grave reality. The very leaders they proudly followed will have led them to Hell. Followers will blame their leaders, but the leaders will shift responsibility back, arguing that their followers obeyed willingly, driven by their own desires. Yet the leaders will also confess their own temptation and failure. Both groups, having shared the same fate, will realise that mutual blame is pointless.
Those against whom the charge will be proved, will say: "Our Lord! These are the ones whom we led astray: we led them astray, as we were astray ourselves: we free ourselves [from them] in Your presence: it was not us they worshipped."
Commentary of verses 28:62 to 28:63
On the Day of Judgement, those who followed misguided leaders—treating their words as divine—will face a grave reality. The very leaders they proudly followed will have led them to Hell. Followers will blame their leaders, but the leaders will shift responsibility back, arguing that their followers obeyed willingly, driven by their own desires. Yet the leaders will also confess their own temptation and failure. Both groups, having shared the same fate, will realise that mutual blame is pointless.
Wa qeelad 'oo shurakaaa'akum fada'awhum falam yastajeeboo lahum wa ra awul 'azaab; law annahum kaanoo yahtadoon
It will be said [to them]: "Call upon your 'partners' [for help]": they will call upon them, but they will not listen to them; and they will see the punishment [before them]; [how they will wish] 'if only they had been open to guidance!'
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Wa Yawma yunaadeehim fa yaqoolu maazaaa ajabtumul mursaleen
That Day [Allah] will call to them, and say: "What was the answer you gave to the messengers?"
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Then the [whole] story that Day will seem obscure to them [like light to the blind] and they will not be able [even] to question each other.
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Fa ammaa man taaba wa aamana wa 'amila saalihan fa'asaaa ai yakoona minal mufliheen
But any that [in this life] had repented, believed, and worked righteousness, will have hopes to be among those who achieve salvation.
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Wa Rabbuka yakhuluqu maa yashaaa'u wa yakhtaar; maa kaana lahumul khiyarah; Subhannal laahi wa Ta'aalaa 'ammmaa yushrikoon
Your Lord does create and choose as He pleases: no choice have they [in the matter]: Glory to Allah! and far is He above the partners they ascribe [to Him]!
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Wa Rabbuka ya'lamu maa tukinnu sudooruhum wa maa yu'linoon
And your Lord knows all that their hearts conceal and all that they reveal.
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Wa Huwal laahu laaa ilaaha illaa Huwa lahul hamdu fil oolaa wal Aakhirati wa lahul hukmu wa ilaihi turja'oon
And He is Allah: There is no god but He. To Him be praise, at the first and at the last: for Him is the Command, and to Him shall you [all] be brought back.
Commentary of verses 28:64 to 28:70
In this world, people reject the truth while relying on false sources of security. On Judgement Day, they will be asked to call upon those they trusted, but none will come to their aid against Allah. In this life, people skilfully argue against truth to maintain their pride, but all such reasoning will collapse in the Hereafter, revealing hidden motives and regrets.
Allah creates and chooses individuals for specific purposes based solely on His divine will, not mystery or human merit. Treating such individuals as divine or holy is wholly unfounded. When the veil is lifted on the Day of Reckoning, what people concealed in their hearts will be exposed, showing how their words contradicted their true intentions.
Qul ara'aitum in ja'alal laahu 'alaikumul laila sarmadan ilaa Yawmil Qiyaamati man ilaahun ghairul laahi yaa teekum bidiyaaa'in afalaa tasma'oon
Say: See you? If Allah were to make the night perpetual over you to the Day of Judgement, what god is there other than Allah, who can give you enlightenment? Will you not then hearken?
Commentary of verses 28:71 to 28:73
The Earth rotates with perfect precision, completing a full cycle every twenty-four hours and creating the regular pattern of day and night. Without this rotation, half the planet would endure endless night and the other half continuous day, rendering the Earth uninhabitable. This extraordinary phenomenon is beyond human or jinn capacity—only the Almighty could set such a precise mechanism in motion. Recognising this truth, it becomes clear that fear, love, and reverence belong to Allah alone, not to any created being.
Say: See you? If Allah were to make the day perpetual over you to the Day of Judgement, what god is there other than Allah, who can give you a night in which you can rest? Will you not then see?
Commentary of verses 28:71 to 28:73
The Earth rotates with perfect precision, completing a full cycle every twenty-four hours and creating the regular pattern of day and night. Without this rotation, half the planet would endure endless night and the other half continuous day, rendering the Earth uninhabitable. This extraordinary phenomenon is beyond human or jinn capacity—only the Almighty could set such a precise mechanism in motion. Recognising this truth, it becomes clear that fear, love, and reverence belong to Allah alone, not to any created being.
Wa mir rahmatihee ja'ala lakumul laila wannahaara litaskunoo feehi wa litabtaghoo min fadlihee wa la'allakum tashkuroon
It is out of His Mercy that He has made for you Night and Day, that you may rest therein, and that you may seek of his Grace;- and in order that you may be grateful.
Commentary of verses 28:71 to 28:73
The Earth rotates with perfect precision, completing a full cycle every twenty-four hours and creating the regular pattern of day and night. Without this rotation, half the planet would endure endless night and the other half continuous day, rendering the Earth uninhabitable. This extraordinary phenomenon is beyond human or jinn capacity—only the Almighty could set such a precise mechanism in motion. Recognising this truth, it becomes clear that fear, love, and reverence belong to Allah alone, not to any created being.
Wa Yawma yunaadeehim fa yaqoolu aina shurakaaa'iyal lazeena kuntum tazz'umoon
The Day that He will call on them, He will say: "Where are my 'partners'? whom you imagined [to be such]?"
Commentary of verses 28:74 to 28:75
On the Day of Judgement, prophets and their true followers will testify about how their communities responded to Allah's message. Those who rejected the truth while depending on false supports will find all their defences crumble. They will attempt to justify themselves but will find themselves speechless, unable to produce any defence for their denial.
Wa naza'naa min kulli ummatin shaheedan faqulnaa haatoo burhaanakum fa'alimooo annal haqqa lillaahi wa dalla 'anhum maa kaanoo yaftaroon
And from each people shall We draw a witness, and We shall say: "Produce your Proof": then shall they know that the Truth is in Allah [alone], and the [lies] which they invented will leave them in lurch.
Commentary of verses 28:74 to 28:75
On the Day of Judgement, prophets and their true followers will testify about how their communities responded to Allah's message. Those who rejected the truth while depending on false supports will find all their defences crumble. They will attempt to justify themselves but will find themselves speechless, unable to produce any defence for their denial.
Qarun was doubtless, of the people of Moses; but he acted insolently towards them: such were the treasures We had bestowed on him that their very keys would have been a burden to a body of strong men, behold, his people said to him: "Exult not, for Allah loves not those who exult [in riches].
Commentary of verses 28:76 to 28:77
Korah (Qarun) was an Israelite who abandoned his people and aligned himself with Pharaoh, becoming a wealthy courtier in Egypt. Instead of showing gratitude for his fortune, he became arrogant. Rather than using his resources for good, he hoarded them selfishly. This kind of behaviour—accumulating wealth while refusing to share it—creates corruption (fasad) on Earth. Just as the sea collects water and returns it as rain, wealth should circulate. Hoarding disrupts balance and harmony, while redistribution fosters peace and reform (islah).
Wabtaghi feemaaa aataakal laahud Daaral Aakhirata wa laa tansa naseebaka minad dunyaa wa ahsin kamaaa ahsanal laahu ilaika wa laa tabghil fasaada fil ardi innal laaha laa yuhibbul mufsideen
"But seek, with the [wealth] which Allah has bestowed on you, the Home of the Hereafter, nor forget your portion in this world: but do you good, as Allah has been good to you, and seek not [occasions for] corruption in the land: for Allah loves not those who do corruption."
Commentary of verses 28:76 to 28:77
Korah (Qarun) was an Israelite who abandoned his people and aligned himself with Pharaoh, becoming a wealthy courtier in Egypt. Instead of showing gratitude for his fortune, he became arrogant. Rather than using his resources for good, he hoarded them selfishly. This kind of behaviour—accumulating wealth while refusing to share it—creates corruption (fasad) on Earth. Just as the sea collects water and returns it as rain, wealth should circulate. Hoarding disrupts balance and harmony, while redistribution fosters peace and reform (islah).
Qaala innamaaa ootee tuhoo 'alaa 'ilmin 'indeee; awalam ya'lam annal laaha qad ahlaka min qablihee minal qurooni man huwa ashaddu minhu quwwatanw wa aksaru jam'aa; wa laa yus'alu 'an zunoobihimul mujrimoon
He said: "This has been given to me because of a certain knowledge which I have." Did he not know that Allah had destroyed, before him, [whole] generations, which were superior to him in strength and greater in the amount [of riches] they had collected? but the wicked are not called [immediately] to account for their sins.
Commentary of verses 28:78 to 28:78
Polytheism is the worship of something other than God to fulfil the human need for devotion. God is humanity's greatest and most essential need. The urge to worship is so deeply rooted in our nature that no one can truly live without it. When people go astray, they do not abandon worship altogether—they simply replace the true God with a false one.
This is why Islamic law forbids anything that leads to deviation, diverting our natural longing for God in the wrong direction. The polytheists would set certain animals free in the name of their deities, treating them as sacred and untouchable. This amounts to granting divinity to created things—a status that belongs to God alone. It dilutes the reverence and devotion meant exclusively for Him. Satan encourages people to channel their feelings of awe and worship towards other objects, thereby weakening their bond with God.
So he went forth among his people in the [pride of his wordly] glitter. Said those whose aim is the Life of this World: "Oh! that we had the like of what Qarun has got! for he is truly a lord of mighty good fortune!"
Commentary of verses 28:79 to 28:80
Wealth attracts admiration and envy, drawing many to desire what the rich possess. However, those with true understanding recognise that such glamour is temporary and holds no lasting value. Real knowledge is the most precious asset in this world. Acquiring it demands patience—the ability to resist external pressures and ignore fleeting attractions when forming sound judgement. This is the hardest form of patience to practise, yet those who succeed are rewarded with true wisdom and insight.
Wa qaalal lazeena ootul 'ilma wailakum sawaabul laahi khairul liman aamana wa 'amila saalihaa; wa laa yulaq qaahaaa illas saabiroon
But those who had been granted [true] knowledge said: "Alas for you! The reward of Allah [in the Hereafter] is best for those who believe and work righteousness: but this none shall attain, save those who steadfastly persevere [in good]."
Commentary of verses 28:79 to 28:80
Wealth attracts admiration and envy, drawing many to desire what the rich possess. However, those with true understanding recognise that such glamour is temporary and holds no lasting value. Real knowledge is the most precious asset in this world. Acquiring it demands patience—the ability to resist external pressures and ignore fleeting attractions when forming sound judgement. This is the hardest form of patience to practise, yet those who succeed are rewarded with true wisdom and insight.
Fakhasafnaa bihee wa bidaarihil arda famaa kaana laho min fi'atiny yansuroo nahoo min doonil laahi wa maa kaana minal muntasireen
Then We caused the earth to swallow up him and his house; and he had not [the least little] party to help him against Allah, nor could he defend himself.
Commentary of verses 28:81 to 28:82
The story of Korah serves as a stark warning. According to scriptural tradition, his arrogance and greed led to divine punishment: the earth swallowed him, his followers, and his wealth. This dramatic event was a clear sign of what awaits those who abandon the worship of Allah in favour of material pursuits.
Worldly possessions are not blessings in themselves but tests from Allah. Whether we receive little or much, our response defines us. Those who face hardship with patience and abundance with gratitude are on the path to true success. The trial lies not in what we have, but in how we respond to what Allah has given us.
Wa asbahal lazeena tamannaw makaanahoo bil amsi yaqooloona waika annal laaha yabsutur rizqa limany ya shaaa'u min 'ibaadihee wa yaqdiru law laaa am mannal laahu 'alainaa lakhasafa binaa waika annahoo laa yuflihul kaafiroon
And those who had envied his position the day before began to say on the morrow: "Ah! it is indeed Allah Who enlarges the provision or restricts it, to any of His servants He pleases! had it not been that Allah was gracious to us, He could have caused the earth to swallow us up! Ah! those who reject Allah will assuredly never be successful."
Commentary of verses 28:81 to 28:82
The story of Korah serves as a stark warning. According to scriptural tradition, his arrogance and greed led to divine punishment: the earth swallowed him, his followers, and his wealth. This dramatic event was a clear sign of what awaits those who abandon the worship of Allah in favour of material pursuits.
Worldly possessions are not blessings in themselves but tests from Allah. Whether we receive little or much, our response defines us. Those who face hardship with patience and abundance with gratitude are on the path to true success. The trial lies not in what we have, but in how we respond to what Allah has given us.
That Home of the Hereafter We shall give to those who intend not high-handedness or corruption on earth: and the end is [best] for the righteous.
Commentary of verses 28:83 to 28:84
Paradise awaits those whose hearts are free from arrogance. Such people recognise the greatness of Allah so fully that everything else appears small in comparison. True virtue lies in this humility.
When a person acts against Allah's will, they create discord and corruption in the world. But those who live humbly, free from pride, and align themselves with divine guidance are the truly righteous. Their reward is eternal: a place in the everlasting gardens of Allah.
Man jaaa'a bilhasanati falahoo khairum minhaa wa man jaaa'a bissaiyi'ati falaa yujzal lazeena 'amilus saiyiaati illaa maa kaanoo ya'maloon
If any does good, the reward to him is better than his deed; but if any does evil, the doers of evil are only punished [to the extent] of their deeds.
Commentary of verses 28:83 to 28:84
Paradise awaits those whose hearts are free from arrogance. Such people recognise the greatness of Allah so fully that everything else appears small in comparison. True virtue lies in this humility.
When a person acts against Allah's will, they create discord and corruption in the world. But those who live humbly, free from pride, and align themselves with divine guidance are the truly righteous. Their reward is eternal: a place in the everlasting gardens of Allah.
Innal azee farada 'alaikal Qur-aana laraaadduka ilaa ma'aad; qur Rabbeee a'lamu man jjaaa'a bil hudaa wa man huwa fee dalaalim mubeen
Indeed He Who ordained the Qur'an for you, will bring you back to the Place of Return. Say: "My Lord knows best who it is that brings true guidance, and who is in manifest error."
Commentary of verses 28:85 to 28:88
The mission of the Prophet is entirely devoted to Allah's cause. He did not seek prophethood; it was granted to him by divine will. He remained unwavering in proclaiming the truth, even when it proved uncomfortable for others. No obstacle could stop him from fulfilling his purpose.
This same promise extends to those who follow the Prophet's example as messengers of truth. To the extent that they embody his sincerity and conduct, they too will receive the divine support that Allah promised to His prophets. The path may be difficult, but success is guaranteed for those who walk it with steadfastness and integrity.
Wa maa kunta tarjooo ai yulqaaa ilaikal Kitaabu illaa rahmatam mir Rabbika falaa takoonanna zaheeral lilkaafireen
And you had not expected that the Book would be sent to you except as a Mercy from your Lord: Therefore lend not you support in any way to those who reject (Allah's Message).
Commentary of verses 28:85 to 28:88
The mission of the Prophet is entirely devoted to Allah's cause. He did not seek prophethood; it was granted to him by divine will. He remained unwavering in proclaiming the truth, even when it proved uncomfortable for others. No obstacle could stop him from fulfilling his purpose.
This same promise extends to those who follow the Prophet's example as messengers of truth. To the extent that they embody his sincerity and conduct, they too will receive the divine support that Allah promised to His prophets. The path may be difficult, but success is guaranteed for those who walk it with steadfastness and integrity.
Wa laa yasuddunnaka 'an Aayaatil laahi ba'da iz unzilat ilaika wad'u ilaa Rabbika wa laa takonanna minal mushrikeen
And let nothing keep you back from the verses of Allah after they have been revealed to you: and invite [men] to your Lord, and be not of the company of those who join gods with Allah.
Commentary of verses 28:85 to 28:88
The mission of the Prophet is entirely devoted to Allah's cause. He did not seek prophethood; it was granted to him by divine will. He remained unwavering in proclaiming the truth, even when it proved uncomfortable for others. No obstacle could stop him from fulfilling his purpose.
This same promise extends to those who follow the Prophet's example as messengers of truth. To the extent that they embody his sincerity and conduct, they too will receive the divine support that Allah promised to His prophets. The path may be difficult, but success is guaranteed for those who walk it with steadfastness and integrity.
And call not, besides Allah, on another god. There is no god but He. Everything [that exists] will perish except His own Face. To Him belongs the Command, and to Him will you [all] be brought back.
Commentary of verses 28:85 to 28:88
The mission of the Prophet is entirely devoted to Allah's cause. He did not seek prophethood; it was granted to him by divine will. He remained unwavering in proclaiming the truth, even when it proved uncomfortable for others. No obstacle could stop him from fulfilling his purpose.
This same promise extends to those who follow the Prophet's example as messengers of truth. To the extent that they embody his sincerity and conduct, they too will receive the divine support that Allah promised to His prophets. The path may be difficult, but success is guaranteed for those who walk it with steadfastness and integrity.