Sooratun anzalnaahaa wa faradnaahaa wa anzalnaa feehaaa Aayaatim baiyinaatil la'allakum tazakkaroon
A sura which We have sent down and which We have ordained in it have We sent down Clear Signs, in order that you may receive reminder.
Commentary of verses 24:1 to 24:3
This chapter was revealed in 6 AH following the campaign of Banu al-Mustaliq. During that time, hypocrites in Madinah spread slander against Aishah, the Prophet's wife, hoping to harm his reputation. The chapter clears her name completely and sets out legal rulings for such situations.
Islamic law treats unlawful sexual relations—including adultery and fornication—as a grave offence. The prescribed punishment for unmarried offenders is one hundred lashes, administered publicly as a deterrent. Witnessing such consequences is intended to discourage others from similar wrongdoing. Those who repent sincerely after punishment may rejoin the community as believers. However, if they fail to reform, they are no longer considered suitable for marriage within Islamic society.
The woman and the man guilty of adultery or fornication, flog each of them with a hundred stripes: Let not compassion move you in their case, in a matter prescribed by Allah, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day: and let a party of the Believers witness their punishment.
Commentary of verses 24:1 to 24:3
This chapter was revealed in 6 AH following the campaign of Banu al-Mustaliq. During that time, hypocrites in Madinah spread slander against Aishah, the Prophet's wife, hoping to harm his reputation. The chapter clears her name completely and sets out legal rulings for such situations.
Islamic law treats unlawful sexual relations—including adultery and fornication—as a grave offence. The prescribed punishment for unmarried offenders is one hundred lashes, administered publicly as a deterrent. Witnessing such consequences is intended to discourage others from similar wrongdoing. Those who repent sincerely after punishment may rejoin the community as believers. However, if they fail to reform, they are no longer considered suitable for marriage within Islamic society.
Azzaanee laa yankihu illaa zaaniyatan aw mushrikatanw wazzaaniyatu laa yankihuhaaa illaa zaanin aw mushrik; wa hurrima zaalika 'alal mu'mineen
Let no man guilty of adultery or fornication marry and but a woman similarly guilty, or a disbeliever: nor let any but such a man or a disbeliever marry such a woman: to the Believers such a thing is forbidden.
Commentary of verses 24:1 to 24:3
This chapter was revealed in 6 AH following the campaign of Banu al-Mustaliq. During that time, hypocrites in Madinah spread slander against Aishah, the Prophet's wife, hoping to harm his reputation. The chapter clears her name completely and sets out legal rulings for such situations.
Islamic law treats unlawful sexual relations—including adultery and fornication—as a grave offence. The prescribed punishment for unmarried offenders is one hundred lashes, administered publicly as a deterrent. Witnessing such consequences is intended to discourage others from similar wrongdoing. Those who repent sincerely after punishment may rejoin the community as believers. However, if they fail to reform, they are no longer considered suitable for marriage within Islamic society.
Wallazeena yarmoonal muhsanaati summa lam yaatoo bi-arba'ati shuhadaaa'a fajlidoohum samaaneena jaldatanw wa laa taqbaloo lahum shahaadatan abadaa; wa ulaaa'ika humul faasiqoon
And those who launch a charge against chaste women, and produce not four witnesses [to support their allegations], flog them with eighty stripes; and reject their evidence ever after: for such men are wicked transgressors;-
Commentary of verses 24:4 to 24:5
Since adultery is regarded as a grave sin, falsely accusing someone of this act is equally serious. Islamic law therefore prescribes eighty lashes for anyone who makes such an accusation without the required proof. After this punishment, their testimony is no longer legally valid. According to Hanafi jurisprudence, even repentance does not restore their credibility as a witness.
False accusations constitute moral assassination and carry severe consequences. Even if the accuser escapes earthly justice, divine punishment awaits in the Hereafter—unless sincere repentance and God's forgiveness are sought.
Illal lazeena taaboo mim ba'di zaalika wa aslahoo fa innal laaha Ghafoorur Raheem
Unless they repent thereafter and mend [their conduct]; for Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Commentary of verses 24:4 to 24:5
Since adultery is regarded as a grave sin, falsely accusing someone of this act is equally serious. Islamic law therefore prescribes eighty lashes for anyone who makes such an accusation without the required proof. After this punishment, their testimony is no longer legally valid. According to Hanafi jurisprudence, even repentance does not restore their credibility as a witness.
False accusations constitute moral assassination and carry severe consequences. Even if the accuser escapes earthly justice, divine punishment awaits in the Hereafter—unless sincere repentance and God's forgiveness are sought.
And for those who launch a charge against their spouses, and have [in support] no evidence but their own, their solitary evidence [can be received] if they bear witness four times [with an oath] by Allah that they are solemnly telling the truth;
Commentary of verses 24:6 to 24:9
When a husband accuses his wife of infidelity without witnesses, Islamic law provides a special procedure known as la'an, involving mutual oaths. If the husband swears the accusation is true and the wife does not contest it, the prescribed punishment applies to her. However, if she also takes an oath affirming her innocence, no penalty is imposed on either party. Instead, the marriage is formally dissolved, and the couple must separate.
Wal khaamisatu anna la'natal laahi 'alaihi in kaana minal kaazibeen
And the fifth [oath] [should be] that they solemnly invoke the curse of Allah on themselves if they tell a lie.
Commentary of verses 24:6 to 24:9
When a husband accuses his wife of infidelity without witnesses, Islamic law provides a special procedure known as la'an, involving mutual oaths. If the husband swears the accusation is true and the wife does not contest it, the prescribed punishment applies to her. However, if she also takes an oath affirming her innocence, no penalty is imposed on either party. Instead, the marriage is formally dissolved, and the couple must separate.
Wa yadra'u anhal 'azaaba an tashhada arba'a shahaa daatim billaahi innahoo laminal kaazibeen
But it would avert the punishment from the wife, if she bears witness four times [with an oath] By Allah, that [her husband] is telling a lie;
Commentary of verses 24:6 to 24:9
When a husband accuses his wife of infidelity without witnesses, Islamic law provides a special procedure known as la'an, involving mutual oaths. If the husband swears the accusation is true and the wife does not contest it, the prescribed punishment applies to her. However, if she also takes an oath affirming her innocence, no penalty is imposed on either party. Instead, the marriage is formally dissolved, and the couple must separate.
Wal khaamisata anna ghadabal laahi 'alaihaaa in kaana minas saadiqeen
And the fifth [oath] should be that she solemnly invokes the wrath of Allah on herself if [her accuser] is telling the truth.
Commentary of verses 24:6 to 24:9
When a husband accuses his wife of infidelity without witnesses, Islamic law provides a special procedure known as la'an, involving mutual oaths. If the husband swears the accusation is true and the wife does not contest it, the prescribed punishment applies to her. However, if she also takes an oath affirming her innocence, no penalty is imposed on either party. Instead, the marriage is formally dissolved, and the couple must separate.
Wa law laa fadlul laahi 'alaikum wa rahmatuhoo wa annal laaha Tawwaabun Hakeem
If it were not for Allah's grace and mercy on you, and that Allah is Accepting of Repentance, full of Wisdom, [You would be ruined indeed].
Commentary of verses 24:10 to 24:11
Those who discover truth through God's guidance often face fierce opposition when sharing it, especially from those in positions of power. The People of the Book, who believed prophethood belonged exclusively to them, found it particularly difficult to accept a prophet from among the Arabs. Unable to deny the message outright, they resorted to raising theological objections, particularly concerning abrogation.
They questioned why some Quranic rulings differed from Mosaic law, claiming this indicated inconsistency or error. 'Does God make mistakes that He replaces one commandment with another?' they argued, suggesting the Quran was not divinely inspired but invented by the Prophet himself. This propaganda became so intense that even some sincere Muslims began to feel uncertain and questioned the Prophet about it.
Those who brought forward the lie are a body among yourselves: think it not to be an evil to you; On the contrary it is good for you: to every man among them [will come the punishment] of the sin that he earned, and to him who took on himself the lead among them, will be a punishment grievous.
Commentary of verses 24:10 to 24:11
Those who discover truth through God's guidance often face fierce opposition when sharing it, especially from those in positions of power. The People of the Book, who believed prophethood belonged exclusively to them, found it particularly difficult to accept a prophet from among the Arabs. Unable to deny the message outright, they resorted to raising theological objections, particularly concerning abrogation.
They questioned why some Quranic rulings differed from Mosaic law, claiming this indicated inconsistency or error. 'Does God make mistakes that He replaces one commandment with another?' they argued, suggesting the Quran was not divinely inspired but invented by the Prophet himself. This propaganda became so intense that even some sincere Muslims began to feel uncertain and questioned the Prophet about it.
Law laaa iz sami'tumoohu zannal mu'minoona walmu'minaatu bi anfusihim khairanw wa qaaloo haazaaa ifkum mmubeen
Why did not the believers - men and women - when you heard of the affair, put the best construction on it in their own minds and say, "This [charge] is an obvious lie"?
Commentary of verses 24:12 to 24:13
Believers are instructed to think well of one another. Harbouring negative assumptions about fellow Muslims reveals moral weakness, whereas thinking positively reflects inner righteousness. When someone speaks ill of another, evidence must be demanded immediately. Repeating unverified claims is irresponsible. The proper response is to request witnesses in accordance with Islamic standards. Without proof, the accuser himself becomes guilty, and his words carry no weight. No one should be deemed guilty based on mere allegations.
Law laa jaaa'oo 'alaihi bi-arba'ati shuhadaaa'; fa iz lam yaatoo bishshuhadaaa'i fa ulaaa 'ika 'indal laahi humul kaaziboon
Why did they not bring four witnesses to prove it? When they have not brought the witnesses, such men, in the sight of Allah, [stand forth] themselves as liars!
Commentary of verses 24:12 to 24:13
Believers are instructed to think well of one another. Harbouring negative assumptions about fellow Muslims reveals moral weakness, whereas thinking positively reflects inner righteousness. When someone speaks ill of another, evidence must be demanded immediately. Repeating unverified claims is irresponsible. The proper response is to request witnesses in accordance with Islamic standards. Without proof, the accuser himself becomes guilty, and his words carry no weight. No one should be deemed guilty based on mere allegations.
Wa law laa fadlul laahi 'alaikum wa rahmatuhoo fiddunyaa wal aakhirati lamassakum fee maaa afadtum feehi 'azaabun 'azeem
Were it not for the grace and mercy of Allah on you, in this world and the Hereafter, a painful punishment would have seized you in that you rushed glibly into this affair.
Commentary of verses 24:14 to 24:16
The Prophet Muhammad's role as a preacher of truth required utmost care, as even small errors could harm the mission. When baseless slander was spread about 'A'ishah, some Muslims repeated it carelessly. Had God not intervened with clear refutation, the Muslim community could have fractured, descending into internal conflict. This would have destroyed the very community intended to eliminate idolatry from the world. The incident highlights how damaging irresponsible gossip can be, and the vital importance of protecting truth and unity within the faith.
iz talaqqawnahoo bi alsinatikum wa taqooloona bi afwaahikum maa laisa lakum bihee 'ilmunw wa tahsaboo nahoo haiyinanw wa huwa 'indl laahi 'azeem
And [mention], you received it on your tongues, and said out of your mouths things of which you had no knowledge; and you thought it to be a light matter, while it was most serious in the sight of Allah.
Commentary of verses 24:14 to 24:16
The Prophet Muhammad's role as a preacher of truth required utmost care, as even small errors could harm the mission. When baseless slander was spread about 'A'ishah, some Muslims repeated it carelessly. Had God not intervened with clear refutation, the Muslim community could have fractured, descending into internal conflict. This would have destroyed the very community intended to eliminate idolatry from the world. The incident highlights how damaging irresponsible gossip can be, and the vital importance of protecting truth and unity within the faith.
Wa law laaa iz sami'tu moohu qultum maa yakoonu lanaaa an natakallama bihaazaa Subhaanaka haaza buhtaanun 'azeem
And why did you not, when you heard it, say? - "It is not right of us to speak of this: Glory to Allah! this is a most serious slander!"
Commentary of verses 24:14 to 24:16
The Prophet Muhammad's role as a preacher of truth required utmost care, as even small errors could harm the mission. When baseless slander was spread about 'A'ishah, some Muslims repeated it carelessly. Had God not intervened with clear refutation, the Muslim community could have fractured, descending into internal conflict. This would have destroyed the very community intended to eliminate idolatry from the world. The incident highlights how damaging irresponsible gossip can be, and the vital importance of protecting truth and unity within the faith.
Ya'izukumul laahu an ta'oodoo limisliheee abadan in kuntum mu'mineen
Allah does admonish you, that you may never repeat such [conduct], if you are [true] Believers.
Commentary of verses 24:17 to 24:19
Criticism can be either legitimate or baseless. Valid criticism rests on evidence, while unfounded allegations lack any factual support. Often, when accusations target opponents, people accept them without question and spread them widely. This behaviour is not only irresponsible but also constitutes a serious offence, punishable both in this life and the Hereafter. Believers must resist this impulse and seek proof before accepting or repeating claims against others.
Wa yubaiyinul laahu lakumul Aayaat; wallaahu 'Aleemun Hakeem
And Allah makes the Signs plain to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
Commentary of verses 24:17 to 24:19
Criticism can be either legitimate or baseless. Valid criticism rests on evidence, while unfounded allegations lack any factual support. Often, when accusations target opponents, people accept them without question and spread them widely. This behaviour is not only irresponsible but also constitutes a serious offence, punishable both in this life and the Hereafter. Believers must resist this impulse and seek proof before accepting or repeating claims against others.
Those who love [to see] scandal published broadcast among the Believers, will have a painful punishment in this life and in the Hereafter: Allah knows, and you know not.
Commentary of verses 24:17 to 24:19
Criticism can be either legitimate or baseless. Valid criticism rests on evidence, while unfounded allegations lack any factual support. Often, when accusations target opponents, people accept them without question and spread them widely. This behaviour is not only irresponsible but also constitutes a serious offence, punishable both in this life and the Hereafter. Believers must resist this impulse and seek proof before accepting or repeating claims against others.
Wa law laa fadlul laahi 'alaikum wa rahmatuhoo wa annal laaha Ra'oofur Raheem
Were it not for the grace and mercy of Allah on you, and that Allah is full of kindness and mercy, [you would be ruined indeed].
Commentary of verses 24:20 to 24:21
Following Satan means yielding to his whispered temptations. When baseless suspicions or negative thoughts about others arise in the heart without reason, this is Satan's doing. Believers must immediately uproot such thoughts rather than nurturing them. Entertaining these feelings is equivalent to following Satan.
Criticising others harshly contradicts the humility expected of a believer. Some people think too highly of themselves and too poorly of others—neither attitude aligns with faith. True humility leads to self-reflection, leaving no room for unjust criticism or judgement of others.
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa tattabi'oo khutuwaatish Shaitaan; wa many-yattabi' khutuwaatish Shaitaani fa innahoo yaamuru bilfahshaaa'i walmunkar; wa law laa fadlul laahi 'alaikum wa rahmatuhoo maa zakaa minkum min ahadin abadanw wa laakinnal laaha yuzakkee many-yashaaa'; wallaahu Samee'un 'Aleem
O you who have believed, follow not Satan's footsteps: if any will follow the footsteps of Satan, he will [but] command what is shameful and wrong: and were it not for the grace and mercy of Allah on you, not one of you would ever have been pure: but Allah does purify whom He pleases: and Allah is One Who hears and knows [all things].
Commentary of verses 24:20 to 24:21
Following Satan means yielding to his whispered temptations. When baseless suspicions or negative thoughts about others arise in the heart without reason, this is Satan's doing. Believers must immediately uproot such thoughts rather than nurturing them. Entertaining these feelings is equivalent to following Satan.
Criticising others harshly contradicts the humility expected of a believer. Some people think too highly of themselves and too poorly of others—neither attitude aligns with faith. True humility leads to self-reflection, leaving no room for unjust criticism or judgement of others.
Wa laa yaatali ulul fadli minkum wassa'ati ai yu'tooo ulil qurbaa walmasaakeena walmuhaajireena fee sabeelillaahi walya'foo walyasfahoo; alaa tuhibboona ai yaghfiral laahu lakum; wal laahu Ghafoorur Raheem
Let not those among you who are endued with grace and amplitude of means resolve by oath against helping their kinsmen, those in want, and those who have left their homes in Allah's cause: let them forgive and overlook, do you not wish that Allah should forgive you? For Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Commentary of verse 24:22
Another misconception arises when people compare God to themselves. Because a human being cannot be in two places at once, some assume God is similarly confined to a particular location. But God is not limited—He is everywhere. The direction prescribed for prayer is purely for our organisational benefit, not because God exists only in one place.
This misunderstanding also leads people to attribute a son to God. Only those with needs require offspring, yet God is entirely self-sufficient and beyond all such limitations. These beliefs do not come from divine revelation—they are human inventions born from a flawed understanding of the Creator's nature.
Those who slander chaste women, indiscreet but believing, are cursed in this life and in the Hereafter: for them is a painful punishment,
Commentary of verses 24:23 to 24:25
People often speak carelessly about others, unaware that their words reach Allah before they reach anyone else. They use their hands and feet to harm or oppress, not realising that on the Day of Judgement, these very limbs will testify against them as witnesses for Allah. This lack of awareness is the source of much wrongdoing. If a person truly understood that Allah sees every moment of their life and that everything they do is recorded, their behaviour would transform completely. They would think carefully before speaking and act with caution in all they do.
Two fundamental teachings are given here regarding conduct in public and private: covering one's private parts and lowering the gaze. For men, the area from the navel to below the knees must remain covered at all times, except with one's wife or in cases of genuine necessity, such as medical treatment. Additionally, when a man and woman meet by chance, the man should lower his eyes. Casual encounters between unrelated men and women should never resemble meetings between two men. If a man accidentally glances at an unfamiliar woman, he must look away immediately and not look again deliberately. These instructions about modesty and lowering the gaze apply equally to women, as clarified in the following verse.
Yawma tashhhadu 'alaihim alsinatuhum wa aideehim wa arjuluhum bimaa kaanoo ya'maloon
On the Day when their tongues, their hands, and their feet will bear witness against them as to their actions.
Commentary of verses 24:23 to 24:25
People often speak carelessly about others, unaware that their words reach Allah before they reach anyone else. They use their hands and feet to harm or oppress, not realising that on the Day of Judgement, these very limbs will testify against them as witnesses for Allah. This lack of awareness is the source of much wrongdoing. If a person truly understood that Allah sees every moment of their life and that everything they do is recorded, their behaviour would transform completely. They would think carefully before speaking and act with caution in all they do.
Two fundamental teachings are given here regarding conduct in public and private: covering one's private parts and lowering the gaze. For men, the area from the navel to below the knees must remain covered at all times, except with one's wife or in cases of genuine necessity, such as medical treatment. Additionally, when a man and woman meet by chance, the man should lower his eyes. Casual encounters between unrelated men and women should never resemble meetings between two men. If a man accidentally glances at an unfamiliar woman, he must look away immediately and not look again deliberately. These instructions about modesty and lowering the gaze apply equally to women, as clarified in the following verse.
On that Day Allah will pay them back [all] their just dues, and they will realise that Allah is the [very] Truth, that makes all things manifest.
Commentary of verses 24:23 to 24:25
People often speak carelessly about others, unaware that their words reach Allah before they reach anyone else. They use their hands and feet to harm or oppress, not realising that on the Day of Judgement, these very limbs will testify against them as witnesses for Allah. This lack of awareness is the source of much wrongdoing. If a person truly understood that Allah sees every moment of their life and that everything they do is recorded, their behaviour would transform completely. They would think carefully before speaking and act with caution in all they do.
Two fundamental teachings are given here regarding conduct in public and private: covering one's private parts and lowering the gaze. For men, the area from the navel to below the knees must remain covered at all times, except with one's wife or in cases of genuine necessity, such as medical treatment. Additionally, when a man and woman meet by chance, the man should lower his eyes. Casual encounters between unrelated men and women should never resemble meetings between two men. If a man accidentally glances at an unfamiliar woman, he must look away immediately and not look again deliberately. These instructions about modesty and lowering the gaze apply equally to women, as clarified in the following verse.
Women impure are for men impure, and men impure for women impure and women of purity are for men of purity, and men of purity are for women of purity: these are not affected by what people say: for them there is forgiveness, and a provision honourable.
Commentary of verse 24:26
Throughout history, every messenger of God has faced the same objection: 'If you are truly sent by God, why do you lack worldly riches and status?' People judge by material standards, expecting a divine envoy to possess worldly grandeur. They cannot imagine that someone ordinary in appearance could be chosen by the Lord of the heavens and the earth.
This materialistic mindset blinds them to the true signs that accompanied the prophets—their truthful lives, profound teachings, and moral integrity. Unable to see beyond the tangible, they dismiss these deeper signs entirely. When Jews and Christians fell into decline, their religion became little more than ethnic custom, where belonging to the community mattered more than truth itself. This sectarianism prevented them from recognising genuine religion when it came to them. True faith can only be embraced by those who honour their own nature, not those who have replaced natural religion with invented dogmas.
Yaaa aiyuhal lazeena aamanoo laa tadkhuloo buyootan ghaira buyootikum hatta tastaanisoo wa tusallimoo 'allaa ahlihaa; zaalikum khairul lakum la'allakum tazakkaroon
O you who have believed, enter not houses other than your own, until you have asked permission and saluted those in them: that is best for you, in order that you may heed [what is seemly].
Commentary of verses 24:27 to 24:29
Social life naturally requires people to visit one another. However, arriving unannounced and walking straight into someone's home causes inconvenience for both guest and host. Therefore, seeking permission before entering is part of proper Islamic conduct. Ideally, a visitor should arrange an appointment in advance, then seek permission again upon arrival. The manner of requesting entry may vary depending on cultural norms, but Islamic courtesy must always be observed. Islam encourages all social interactions to be founded on consideration and respect for others, and this includes visits. If someone you wish to see politely declines your visit for any reason, accept it graciously without resentment. These rules, however, do not apply to public spaces where general entry is already permitted.
Fa il lam tajidoo feehaaa ahadan falaa tadkhuloohaa hattaa yu'zana lakum wa in qeela lakumurji'oo farji'oo huwa azkaa lakum; wallaahu bimaa ta'maloona 'Aleem
If you find no one in the house, enter not until permission is given to you: if you are asked to go back, go back: that makes for greater purity for yourselves: and Allah knows well all that you do.
Commentary of verses 24:27 to 24:29
Social life naturally requires people to visit one another. However, arriving unannounced and walking straight into someone's home causes inconvenience for both guest and host. Therefore, seeking permission before entering is part of proper Islamic conduct. Ideally, a visitor should arrange an appointment in advance, then seek permission again upon arrival. The manner of requesting entry may vary depending on cultural norms, but Islamic courtesy must always be observed. Islam encourages all social interactions to be founded on consideration and respect for others, and this includes visits. If someone you wish to see politely declines your visit for any reason, accept it graciously without resentment. These rules, however, do not apply to public spaces where general entry is already permitted.
Laisa 'alaikum junaahun ann tadkhuloo buyootan ghaira maskoonatin feeha mataa'ul lakum; wallaahu ya'lamu maa tubdoona wa maa taktumoon
It is no fault on your part to enter houses not used for living in, which serve some [other] use for you: And Allah has knowledge of what you reveal and what you conceal.
Commentary of verses 24:27 to 24:29
Social life naturally requires people to visit one another. However, arriving unannounced and walking straight into someone's home causes inconvenience for both guest and host. Therefore, seeking permission before entering is part of proper Islamic conduct. Ideally, a visitor should arrange an appointment in advance, then seek permission again upon arrival. The manner of requesting entry may vary depending on cultural norms, but Islamic courtesy must always be observed. Islam encourages all social interactions to be founded on consideration and respect for others, and this includes visits. If someone you wish to see politely declines your visit for any reason, accept it graciously without resentment. These rules, however, do not apply to public spaces where general entry is already permitted.
Qul lilmu' mineena yaghuuddoo min absaarihim wa yahfazoo furoojahum; zaalika azkaa lahum; innallaaha khabeerum bimaa yasna'oon
Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: And Allah is well acquainted with all that they do.
Commentary of verse 24:30
Every year, believers from across the globe visit the Ka'bah in Makkah, a place where even the smallest creature is protected from harm. It has been consecrated as a sanctuary of worship for all time. Because people come here to remember God in peace and solitude, it must remain free from impurity and from anything that contradicts this sacred purpose. Here, the faithful bow, prostrate, and walk in reverence around the Ka'bah—the highest expression of devotion to their Creator.
Wa qul lilmu'minaati yaghdudna min absaarihinna wa yahfazna furoojahunna wa laa yubdeena zeenatahunna illaa maa zahara minhaa walyadribna bikhumurihinna 'alaa juyoobihinna wa laa yubdeena zeenatahunna illaa libu'oolatihinna aw aabaaa'i hinna aw aabaaa'i bu'oolati hinna aw abnaaa'ihinaa aw abnaaa'i bu'oolatihinnna aw ikhwaanihinnna aw baneee ikhwaanihinna aw banee akhawaatihinna aw nisaaa'i hinna aw maa malakat aimaanuhunna awit taabi'eena ghairi ilil irbati minar rijaali awit tiflillazeena lam yazharoo 'alaa 'awraatin nisaaa'i wala yadribnna bi arjulihinna min zeenatihinn; wa toobooo ilallaahi jammee'an aiyuhal mu'minoona la'allakum tuflihoon
And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what [must ordinarily] appear thereof;
that they should draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, or the slaves whom their right hands possess, or male servants free of physical needs, or small children who have no sense of the shame of sex;
and that they should not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments. And O you Believers! turn you all together towards Allah, that you may attain Bliss.
Commentary of verse 24:31
Ancient Arabia was one of the most barren and exposed lands on earth, unsuitable for cultivation and vulnerable to attack. Four thousand years ago, Prophet Abraham (pbuh) was commanded to settle his family in an 'uncultivable valley' in Hijaz. Without hesitation, he obeyed, and then prayed: 'O my Lord, I have done as You commanded. Now hear Your servant's call—make this town a place of peace and provide for its people, for the land is barren.' His prayer was answered: Hijaz became a place of peace and sustenance that endures to this day.
A believer's entire life should be an act of worship. Wherever he is, he must remember that one day he will return to God. He should harm no one and treat the earth as a place of worship, keeping it clean and honoured. Though physically present in this world, his heart should remain focused on God—his life should revolve entirely around submission to Him. True religion sometimes demands great sacrifices, even requiring one to settle in a place as barren as Abraham's valley. Yet when one fulfils God's command and then turns to Him in prayer, He may make springs flow from deserts and crops grow from barren soil. Worldly splendour does not prove one's worthiness for leadership—everything is a test. True leadership is granted only to those chosen by God to represent His religion on earth.
Wa ankihul ayaamaa minkum was saaliheena min 'ibaadikum wa imaa'kum; iny-yakoonoo fuqaraaa'a yughni himul laahu min fadlih; wal laahu Waasi'un 'Aleem
Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah encompasses all, and he knows all things.
Commentary of verses 24:32 to 24:34
Islam clearly encourages marriage for both men and women. When individuals remain unmarried due to financial hardship, society as a whole must recognise this as a shared concern and work together to resolve it. During the time Islam emerged, slavery was widespread across Arabia and the world. Islam began dismantling this institution gradually and systematically. One such method was called mukataba, a written agreement allowing a slave to earn a set amount within a specified period, after which they would gain their freedom. Through this and other means, male and female slaves were progressively freed, so that by the end of the era of the rightly guided caliphs, slavery had almost completely disappeared. In pre-Islamic times and even early in Islamic history, some individuals forced their female slaves into prostitution for profit. Abdullah ibn Ubayy exploited several slave girls in this way. When one of them embraced Islam and sought to leave that life, he began harassing her. Eventually, with the Prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) intervention, she was freed.
Wal yasta'fifil lazeena laa yajidoona nikaahan hata yughniyahumul laahu mi fadlih; wallazeena yabtaghoonal kitaaba mimmaa malakat aimaanukum fakaatiboohum in 'alimtum feehim khairanw wa aatoohum mimmaalil laahil lazeee aataakum; wa laa tukrihoo fatayaatikum 'alal bighaaa'i in aradna tahassunal litabtaghoo 'aradal hayaatid dunyaa; wa mai yukrihhunna fa innal laaha mim ba'di ikraahihinna Ghafoor Raheem
Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah gives them means out of His grace.
And if any of your slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn their freedom for a certain sum), give them such a deed if you know any good in them: yea, give them something yourselves out of the means which Allah has given to you.
But force not your maids to prostitution when they desire chastity, in order that you may make a gain in the goods of this life. But if anyone compels them, yet, after such compulsion, is Allah, Forgiving, Most Merciful [to them],
Commentary of verses 24:32 to 24:34
Islam clearly encourages marriage for both men and women. When individuals remain unmarried due to financial hardship, society as a whole must recognise this as a shared concern and work together to resolve it. During the time Islam emerged, slavery was widespread across Arabia and the world. Islam began dismantling this institution gradually and systematically. One such method was called mukataba, a written agreement allowing a slave to earn a set amount within a specified period, after which they would gain their freedom. Through this and other means, male and female slaves were progressively freed, so that by the end of the era of the rightly guided caliphs, slavery had almost completely disappeared. In pre-Islamic times and even early in Islamic history, some individuals forced their female slaves into prostitution for profit. Abdullah ibn Ubayy exploited several slave girls in this way. When one of them embraced Islam and sought to leave that life, he began harassing her. Eventually, with the Prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) intervention, she was freed.
Wa laqad anzalnaaa ilaikum Aayaatim mubaiyinaatinw wa masalam minnal lazeena khalaw min qablikum wa maw'izatal lilmuttaqeen
We have already sent down to you verses making things clear, an illustration from [the story of] people who passed away before you, and an reminder for those who fear [Allah].
Commentary of verses 24:32 to 24:34
Islam clearly encourages marriage for both men and women. When individuals remain unmarried due to financial hardship, society as a whole must recognise this as a shared concern and work together to resolve it. During the time Islam emerged, slavery was widespread across Arabia and the world. Islam began dismantling this institution gradually and systematically. One such method was called mukataba, a written agreement allowing a slave to earn a set amount within a specified period, after which they would gain their freedom. Through this and other means, male and female slaves were progressively freed, so that by the end of the era of the rightly guided caliphs, slavery had almost completely disappeared. In pre-Islamic times and even early in Islamic history, some individuals forced their female slaves into prostitution for profit. Abdullah ibn Ubayy exploited several slave girls in this way. When one of them embraced Islam and sought to leave that life, he began harassing her. Eventually, with the Prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) intervention, she was freed.
Allaahu noorus samaawaati wal ard; masalu noorihee kamishkaatin feehaa misbaah; almisbaahu fee zujaajatin azzujaajatu ka annahaa kawkabun durriyyuny yooqadu min shajaratim mubaarakatin zaitoonatil laa shariqiyyatinw wa laa gharbiyyatiny yakaadu zaituhaa yudeee'u wa law alm tamsashu naar; noorun 'alaa noor; yahdil laahu linoorihee mai yashaaa'; wa yadribul laahul amsaala linnaas; wallaahu bikulli shai'in Aleem
Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth.
The Parable of His Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp enclosed in Glass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit from a blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil is well-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Light upon Light! Allah does guide whom He will to His Light: Allah does set forth Parables for men: and Allah does know all things.
Commentary of verse 24:35
Those who prioritise worldly interests over truth cannot offer genuine devotion. Their real loyalty lies with their own comfort and advantage—they attach themselves to truth only superficially. They believe themselves clever, thinking they can safeguard their worldly position while still appearing pious. But this is self-deception, not reality.
Every trial pulls them further from true faith and deeper into their worldly pursuits. Their hypocrisy grows like a hidden illness. They see sincere believers—who sacrifice everything for truth—as foolish, while considering their own compromises to be wise and reformist. But their thinking is deeply flawed. Genuine reform comes only through total submission to God, whereas obstructing the path to Him creates disorder on earth. What appears to them as a profitable strategy is, in truth, a loss—they are trading pure truth for a corrupted version that benefits no one.
Fee buyootin azinal laahu an turfa'a wa yuzkara feehasmuhoo yusabbihu lahoo feehaa bilghuduwwi wal aasaal
[Lit is such a Light] in houses, which Allah has permitted to be raised to honour; for the celebration, in them, of His name: In them is He glorified in the mornings and in the evenings, [again and again],
Commentary of verses 24:36 to 24:37
A mosque holds the same significance in a community as the heart does in the human body. Just as the heart is illuminated by faith, the mosque is illuminated by prayer. Mosques are built so that worshippers can focus their thoughts on Allah and spend time devoted to Him. Within this sacred atmosphere, believers turn naturally towards their Creator. Those whom Allah blesses with guidance learn to recognise the call of truth. Their hearts fill with reverence for Him, and they resolve to live God-centred lives. Such individuals become humble, selfless worshippers, and they are the ones who will receive Allah's boundless blessings.
Rinjaalul laa tulheehim tijaaratunw wa laa bai'un 'an zikril laahi wa iqaamis Salaati wa eetaaa'iz Zakaati yakkhaafoona Yawman tataqallabu feehil quloobu wal absaar
By men whom neither traffic nor merchandise can divert from the Remembrance of Allah, nor from regular Prayer, nor from the practice of regular Charity: Their [only] fear is for the Day when hearts and eyes will be transformed [in a world wholly new],
Commentary of verses 24:36 to 24:37
A mosque holds the same significance in a community as the heart does in the human body. Just as the heart is illuminated by faith, the mosque is illuminated by prayer. Mosques are built so that worshippers can focus their thoughts on Allah and spend time devoted to Him. Within this sacred atmosphere, believers turn naturally towards their Creator. Those whom Allah blesses with guidance learn to recognise the call of truth. Their hearts fill with reverence for Him, and they resolve to live God-centred lives. Such individuals become humble, selfless worshippers, and they are the ones who will receive Allah's boundless blessings.
Liyajziyahumul laahu ahsana maa 'amiloo wa yazeedahum min fadlih; wal laahu yarzuqu mai yashaaa'u bighairi hisaab
That Allah may reward them according to the best of their deeds, and add even more for them out of His Grace: for Allah does provide for those whom He will, without measure.
Commentary of verses 24:38 to 24:40
In sharp contrast to those who awaken their inner nature and are blessed with faith, there are others whose hearts remain unlit by the fire of truth. Some follow invented beliefs, constructing palaces of false hope and living contentedly within them. They carry on with their illusions until death suddenly strips away the deception, revealing that what they believed to be their destination was in fact the edge of ruin. Another group consists of open rejectors and rebels against truth. Ignoring Allah's guidance entirely, they stumble forever in darkness and end in complete failure.
Wallazeena kafarooo a'maaluhum kasaraabim biqee'atiny yahsabuhuz zamaanu maaa'an hattaaa izaa jaaa'ahoo lam yajid hu shai'anw wa wajadal laaha 'indahoo fa waffaahu hisaabah; wallaahu saree'ul hisaab
But the Disbelievers, their deeds are like a mirage in sandy deserts, which the man parched with thirst mistakes for water; until when he comes up to it, he finds it to be nothing: But he finds Allah [ever] with him, and Allah will pay him his account: and Allah is swift in taking account.
Commentary of verses 24:38 to 24:40
In sharp contrast to those who awaken their inner nature and are blessed with faith, there are others whose hearts remain unlit by the fire of truth. Some follow invented beliefs, constructing palaces of false hope and living contentedly within them. They carry on with their illusions until death suddenly strips away the deception, revealing that what they believed to be their destination was in fact the edge of ruin. Another group consists of open rejectors and rebels against truth. Ignoring Allah's guidance entirely, they stumble forever in darkness and end in complete failure.
Aw kazulumaatin fee bahril lujjiyyiny yaghshaahu mawjum min fawqihee mawjum min fawqihee mawjum min fawqihee sahaab; zulumatum ba'duhaa fawqa ba'din izaaa akhraja yadahoo lam yakad yaraahaa wa mal lam yaj'alil laahu lahoo noora famaa lahoo min noor
Or (the Disbelievers' state) is like the darknesses in a vast deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by [dark] clouds: darknesses, one above another: if a man stretches out his hands, he can hardly see it! for any to whom Allah gives not light, there is no light!
Commentary of verses 24:38 to 24:40
In sharp contrast to those who awaken their inner nature and are blessed with faith, there are others whose hearts remain unlit by the fire of truth. Some follow invented beliefs, constructing palaces of false hope and living contentedly within them. They carry on with their illusions until death suddenly strips away the deception, revealing that what they believed to be their destination was in fact the edge of ruin. Another group consists of open rejectors and rebels against truth. Ignoring Allah's guidance entirely, they stumble forever in darkness and end in complete failure.
Alam tara annal laaha yusabbihu lahoo man fissamaawaati wal ardi wat tairu saaaffaatim kullun qad 'alima Salaatahoo wa tasbeehah; wallaahu 'aleemum bimaa yaf'aloon
Se you not that it is Allah Whose praises all beings in the heavens and on earth do celebrate, and the birds [of the air] with wings outspread? Each one knows its own [mode of] prayer and praise. And Allah knows well all that they do.
Commentary of verses 24:41 to 24:42
God calls upon humanity to live in submission to the truth. This is the essence of true faith. The entire universe naturally follows this principle, as everything functions exactly as it was designed to. Consider a bird in flight: its movement through the air is a flawless example of harmony with creation. Every creature has its own way of worshipping and glorifying God, and humans are no different. We too have been given a specific way to honour our Creator. Those who ignore this or turn away in defiance will face serious consequences for their neglect.
Wa lillaahi mulkus samaawaati wal ardi wa ilal laahil maseer
Yea, to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; and to Allah is the final goal [of all].
Commentary of verses 24:41 to 24:42
God calls upon humanity to live in submission to the truth. This is the essence of true faith. The entire universe naturally follows this principle, as everything functions exactly as it was designed to. Consider a bird in flight: its movement through the air is a flawless example of harmony with creation. Every creature has its own way of worshipping and glorifying God, and humans are no different. We too have been given a specific way to honour our Creator. Those who ignore this or turn away in defiance will face serious consequences for their neglect.
Alam tara annal laaha yuzjee sahaaban summa yu'allifu bainahoo summa yaj'aluhoo rukaaman fataral wadqa yakhruju min khilaalihee wa yunazzilu minas samaaa'i min jibaalin feehaa mim barain fa yuseebu bihee mai yashaaa'u wa yasrifuhoo 'am mai yashaaa'u yakkaadu sanaa barqihee yazhabu bil absaar
Se you not that Allah makes the clouds move gently, then joins them together, then makes them into a heap? - then will you see rain issue forth from their midst.
And He sends down from the sky mountain masses [of clouds] wherein is hail: He strikes therewith whom He pleases and He turns it away from whom He pleases, the vivid flash of His lightning well-nigh blinds the sight.
Commentary of verses 24:43 to 24:44
The workings of the natural world reveal the presence of the Creator, but only to those who reflect deeply. Rain does not fall by chance; it follows a precise cycle. Thunder, lightning, and the rhythm of day and night are all extraordinary signs. When an observant person witnesses these phenomena, they look beyond the surface to understand the deeper reality behind them. This thoughtful reflection is called 'ibrah'—the ability to traverse from the visible to the unseen truth.
It is Allah Who alternates the Night and the Day: indeed in these things is an instructive example for those who have vision!
Commentary of verses 24:43 to 24:44
The workings of the natural world reveal the presence of the Creator, but only to those who reflect deeply. Rain does not fall by chance; it follows a precise cycle. Thunder, lightning, and the rhythm of day and night are all extraordinary signs. When an observant person witnesses these phenomena, they look beyond the surface to understand the deeper reality behind them. This thoughtful reflection is called 'ibrah'—the ability to traverse from the visible to the unseen truth.
Wallaahu khalaqa kulla daaabbatim mim maaa'in faminhum mai yamshee 'alaa batnihee wa minhum mai yamshee 'alaa rijlaine wa minhum mai yamshee 'alaaa arba'; yakhluqul laahu maa yashaaa'; innal laaha 'alaa kulli shai'in Qadeer
And Allah has created every animal from water: of them there are some that creep on their bellies; some that walk on two legs; and some that walk on four. Allah creates what He wills for indeed Allah is over all things competent.
Commentary of verses 24:45 to 24:46
At first glance, the world seems full of endless variety. Ancient people believed this diversity meant many creators existed. But careful observation reveals a hidden unity beneath the surface. Animals, for instance, may differ greatly, yet they all share the same underlying biological systems. This shows that the vast diversity of life points not to chaos, but to a single, unified Creator. The world tests us to see if we can distinguish truth from illusion. Humans have been given intellect for precisely this reason—to see beyond the deceptive and grasp the real. Those who use this gift wisely will find the right path; those who do not will fall into confusion.
We have indeed sent down signs that make things manifest: and Allah guides whom He wills to a way that is straight.
Commentary of verses 24:45 to 24:46
At first glance, the world seems full of endless variety. Ancient people believed this diversity meant many creators existed. But careful observation reveals a hidden unity beneath the surface. Animals, for instance, may differ greatly, yet they all share the same underlying biological systems. This shows that the vast diversity of life points not to chaos, but to a single, unified Creator. The world tests us to see if we can distinguish truth from illusion. Humans have been given intellect for precisely this reason—to see beyond the deceptive and grasp the real. Those who use this gift wisely will find the right path; those who do not will fall into confusion.
Wa yaqooloona aamannaa billaahi wa bir Rasooli wa ata'naa summa yatawallaa fareequm minhum mim ba'di zaalik; wa maaa ulaaa'ika bilmu'mineen
They say, "We believe in Allah and in the messenger, and we obey": but even after that, some of them turn away: they are not [really] Believers.
Commentary of verses 24:47 to 24:50
In Madinah, during the Prophet's time, some individuals outwardly claimed to be Muslims but lacked genuine faith. They were known as hypocrites. They spoke of obedience to God and His Messenger, yet their actions told a different story. When disputes arose, they were happy to approach the Prophet for judgment—but only if they expected a favourable ruling. If not, they would turn to Jewish leaders instead. They thought themselves clever, but in truth, they were deceiving only themselves. Such people may win in the short term, but they will stand as losers before God.
Wa izaa du'ooo ilal laahi wa Rasoolihee li yahkuma bainahum izaa fareequm minhum mu'ridoon
When they are summoned to Allah and His messenger, in order that He may judge between them, behold some of them decline [to come].
Commentary of verses 24:47 to 24:50
In Madinah, during the Prophet's time, some individuals outwardly claimed to be Muslims but lacked genuine faith. They were known as hypocrites. They spoke of obedience to God and His Messenger, yet their actions told a different story. When disputes arose, they were happy to approach the Prophet for judgment—but only if they expected a favourable ruling. If not, they would turn to Jewish leaders instead. They thought themselves clever, but in truth, they were deceiving only themselves. Such people may win in the short term, but they will stand as losers before God.
Wa iny-yakul lahumul haqqu yaatooo ilaihi muz'ineen
But if the right is on their side, they come to him with all submission.
Commentary of verses 24:47 to 24:50
In Madinah, during the Prophet's time, some individuals outwardly claimed to be Muslims but lacked genuine faith. They were known as hypocrites. They spoke of obedience to God and His Messenger, yet their actions told a different story. When disputes arose, they were happy to approach the Prophet for judgment—but only if they expected a favourable ruling. If not, they would turn to Jewish leaders instead. They thought themselves clever, but in truth, they were deceiving only themselves. Such people may win in the short term, but they will stand as losers before God.
Afee quloobihim ma radun amirtaabooo am yakhaafoona ani yaheefallaahu 'alaihim wa Rasooluh; bal ulaaa'ika humuz zaalimoon
Is it that there is a disease in their hearts? or do they doubt, or are they in fear, that Allah and His Messenger will deal unjustly with them? Rather, it is they themselves who do wrong.
Commentary of verses 24:47 to 24:50
In Madinah, during the Prophet's time, some individuals outwardly claimed to be Muslims but lacked genuine faith. They were known as hypocrites. They spoke of obedience to God and His Messenger, yet their actions told a different story. When disputes arose, they were happy to approach the Prophet for judgment—but only if they expected a favourable ruling. If not, they would turn to Jewish leaders instead. They thought themselves clever, but in truth, they were deceiving only themselves. Such people may win in the short term, but they will stand as losers before God.
Innamaa kaana qawlal mu'mineena izaa du'ooo ilal laahi wa Rasoolihee li yahkuma bainahum ai yaqooloo sami'naa wa ata'naa; wa ulaaa'ika humul muflihoon
The answer of the Believers, when summoned to Allah and His Messenger, in order that He may judge between them, is no other than this: they say, "We hear and we obey": it is such as these that will attain felicity.
Commentary of verses 24:51 to 24:52
A true believer submits wholeheartedly to God and His Messenger. When a divine command is made clear, they obey without hesitation—whether it suits their desires or not, whether it benefits them personally or brings hardship. Success in the Hereafter belongs to those who bow before God's guidance and live with deep awareness of Him, fearing His displeasure above all else.
Wa mai yuti'il laaha wa Rasoolahoo wa yakhshal laaha wa yattaqhi fa ulaaa'ika humul faaa'izoon
It is such as obey Allah and His Messenger, and fear Allah and do right, that will win [in the end],
Commentary of verses 24:51 to 24:52
A true believer submits wholeheartedly to God and His Messenger. When a divine command is made clear, they obey without hesitation—whether it suits their desires or not, whether it benefits them personally or brings hardship. Success in the Hereafter belongs to those who bow before God's guidance and live with deep awareness of Him, fearing His displeasure above all else.
Wa aqsamoo billaahi jahda aimaanihim la'in amartahum la yakhrujunna qul laa tuqsimoo taa'atum ma'roofah innal laaha khabeerum bimaa ta'maloon
They swear their strongest oaths by Allah that, if only you would command them, they would leave [their homes]. Say: "Swear you not; Obedience is [more] reasonable; indeed, Allah is well acquainted with all that you do."
Commentary of verse 24:53
When God reveals truth, it comes supported by clear and undeniable evidence. No one who reflects sincerely can fail to recognise it. Those who reject it reveal that they never truly knew God—for if they had, they would have recognised His word when they heard it.
Those who argue against the truth imagine they have sound reasoning on their side. They believe they stand on solid logical ground. But soon they will realise that their arguments were nothing more than false comforts—self-created illusions meant only to satisfy their own egos.
Qul atee'ul laaha wa atee'ur Rasoola fa in tawallaw fa innamaa 'alaihi maa hummila wa 'alaikum maa hummiltum wa in tutee'oohu tahtadoo; wa maa'alar Rasooli illal balaaghul mubeen
Say: "Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger: but if you turn away, he is only responsible for the duty placed on him and you for that placed on you. If you obey him, you shall be on right guidance. The Messenger's duty is only to preach the clear [Message].
Commentary of verses 24:54 to 24:55
God's promise of authority and dominance was first fulfilled for the Prophet Muhammad and his companions, but it extends to all believers. People of faith need not chase after power—it is a divine gift, given to those who are sincere in belief and righteous in action. The purpose of such strength is to allow believers to live in peace and security, worshipping God freely without fear. This position of leadership continues as long as gratitude and God-consciousness remain. The role of successor or khalifah represents a trust and a test. God grants authority to different communities in turn, testing each in how they use it.
Wa'adal laahul lazeena aamanoo minkum wa 'amilus saalihaati la yastakhlifan nahum fil ardi kamastakh lafal lazeena min qablihim wa la yumakkinanna lahum deenahumul lazir tadaa lahum wa la yubaddilannahum mim ba'di khawfihim amnaa; ya'budoonanee laayushrikoona bee shai'aa; wa man kafara ba'da zaalika fa ulaaa'ika humul faasiqoon
Allah has promised, to those among you who believe and work righteous deeds, that He will, unquestionably, grant them in the land, inheritance [of power], as He granted it to those before them; that He will establish in authority their religion - the one which He has chosen for them;
and that He will change [their state], after the fear in which they [lived], to one of security and peace: 'They will worship Me [alone] and not associate aught with Me. 'If any do disbelieve after this, they are rebellious and wicked.
Commentary of verses 24:54 to 24:55
God's promise of authority and dominance was first fulfilled for the Prophet Muhammad and his companions, but it extends to all believers. People of faith need not chase after power—it is a divine gift, given to those who are sincere in belief and righteous in action. The purpose of such strength is to allow believers to live in peace and security, worshipping God freely without fear. This position of leadership continues as long as gratitude and God-consciousness remain. The role of successor or khalifah represents a trust and a test. God grants authority to different communities in turn, testing each in how they use it.
Wa aqeemus Salaata wa aatuz Zakaata wa atee'ur Rasoola la'allakum turhamoon
So establish regular Prayer and give regular Charity; and obey the Messenger; that you may receive mercy.
Commentary of verses 24:56 to 24:57
God's blessings include both worldly success and eternal Paradise. To be worthy of them, believers must cultivate three key qualities. The first is piety, shown through regular prayer, which nurtures humility and sincerity while guarding against arrogance. The second is charity, expressed through zakat, which reminds people to care for others and recognise that wealth comes with responsibilities. The third is obedience to the Prophet Muhammad—following his example during his life and adhering to his teachings thereafter. In every matter, believers should take him as their guide, placing his guidance above their own preferences.
Laa tahsabannal lazeena kafaroo mu'jizeena fil ard; wa maawaahumun Naaru wa labi'sal maseer
Never think you that the Disbelievers are going to frustrate (Allah's Plan) on earth: their abode is the Fire, and it is indeed an evil refuge!
Commentary of verses 24:56 to 24:57
God's blessings include both worldly success and eternal Paradise. To be worthy of them, believers must cultivate three key qualities. The first is piety, shown through regular prayer, which nurtures humility and sincerity while guarding against arrogance. The second is charity, expressed through zakat, which reminds people to care for others and recognise that wealth comes with responsibilities. The third is obedience to the Prophet Muhammad—following his example during his life and adhering to his teachings thereafter. In every matter, believers should take him as their guide, placing his guidance above their own preferences.
O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess, and the [children] among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before they come to your presence), on three occasions: before morning prayer; the while you doff your clothes for the noonday heat;
and after the late-night prayer: these are your three times of undress: outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other: Thus does Allah make clear the Signs to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
Commentary of verses 24:58 to 24:60
Earlier verses established rules about modesty and social conduct. These later verses clarify and refine them. For example, women were instructed to cover their chests with scarves. Verse 60 then exempts elderly women past marriage age from strict adherence to this rule. Though these instructions could have been given together, they were revealed separately, addressing practical questions as they arose. This gradual revelation reflects the Quran's wisdom—guiding people step by step, not imposing sudden change. Allah could have revealed everything at once, but chose to teach gradually, responding to real circumstances and making the path easier to follow.
But when the children among you come of age, let them [also] ask for permission, as do those senior to them [in age]: Thus does Allah make clear His Signs to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
Commentary of verses 24:58 to 24:60
Earlier verses established rules about modesty and social conduct. These later verses clarify and refine them. For example, women were instructed to cover their chests with scarves. Verse 60 then exempts elderly women past marriage age from strict adherence to this rule. Though these instructions could have been given together, they were revealed separately, addressing practical questions as they arose. This gradual revelation reflects the Quran's wisdom—guiding people step by step, not imposing sudden change. Allah could have revealed everything at once, but chose to teach gradually, responding to real circumstances and making the path easier to follow.
Walqawaa'idu minan nisaaa'il laatee laa yarjoona nikaahan falisa 'alaihinna junaahun ai yada'na siyaabahunna ghaira mutabar rijaatim bizeenah; wa ai yasta'fifna khairul lahunn; wallaahu Samee'un 'Aleem
Such elderly women as are past the prospect of marriage, there is no blame on them if they lay aside their [outer] garments, provided they make not a wanton display of their beauty: but it is best for them to be modest: and Allah is One Who sees and knows all things.
Commentary of verses 24:58 to 24:60
Earlier verses established rules about modesty and social conduct. These later verses clarify and refine them. For example, women were instructed to cover their chests with scarves. Verse 60 then exempts elderly women past marriage age from strict adherence to this rule. Though these instructions could have been given together, they were revealed separately, addressing practical questions as they arose. This gradual revelation reflects the Quran's wisdom—guiding people step by step, not imposing sudden change. Allah could have revealed everything at once, but chose to teach gradually, responding to real circumstances and making the path easier to follow.
Laisa 'alal a'maa barajunw wa laa 'alal a'raji barajunw wa laa 'alal mareedi barajun wa laa 'alaa anfusikum an taakuloo mim buyootikum aw buyooti aabaaa'ikum aw buyooti ummahaatikum aw buyooti ikhwaanikum aw buyooti akhawaatikum aw buyooti a'maamikum aw buyooti 'ammaatikum aw buyooti akhwaalikum aw buyooti khaalaatikum aw maa malaktum mafaatihahooo aw sadeeqikum; laisa 'alaikum junaahun an taakuloo jamee'an aw ashtaata; fa izaa dakhaltum buyootan fasallimoo 'alaaa anfusikum tahiyyatam min 'indil laahi mubaarakatan taiyibah; kazaalika yubai yinul laahu lakumul Aayaati la'allakum ta'qiloon
It is no fault in the blind nor in one born lame, nor in one afflicted with illness, nor in yourselves, that you should eat in your own houses, or those of your fathers, or your mothers, or your brothers, or your sisters, or your father's brothers or your father's sisters, or your mother's brothers, or your mother's sisters, or in houses of which the keys are in your possession, or in the house of a sincere friend of yours: there is no blame on you, whether you eat in company or separately.
But if you enter houses, salute each other - a greeting of blessing and purity as from Allah. Thus does Allah make clear the signs to you: that you may understand.
Commentary of verses 24:61 to 24:62
When faith truly takes root, it transforms a person into someone who lives in constant gratitude and awareness of Allah. Such devotion brings inner peace, though its fullest expression will only come in the Hereafter. This life is not meant for reward, but for testing. Believers are tried through ordinary challenges—desires, family obligations, social expectations—which reveal who remains steadfast and who falls away.
Success depends on patience and sincere worship, clinging to truth despite hardship. Those who remain loyal to Allah without seeking immediate worldly gain will ultimately prevail. Eternal blessings await those willing to sacrifice this fleeting world for the next.
Preachers of truth bear the heaviest burdens. They face rejection, opposition from those profiting falsely from religion, and even personal danger. Preaching sincerely can lead to loss of livelihood, reputation, and safety. Yet those who lose everything for Allah's sake are the true winners, destined for everlasting life. For them, an eternal paradise awaits.
Innamal mu'minoonal lazeena aamanoo billaahi wa Rasoolihee wa izaa kaanoo ma'ahoo 'alaaa amrin jaami'il lam yazhaboo hataa yastaazinooh; innal lazeena yastaa zinookana ulaaa'ikal lazeena yu'minoona billaahi wa Rasoolih; fa izas taazanooka liba'di shaanihim faazal liman shi'ta minhum wastaghfir lahumul laah; innal laaha Gahfoor Raheem
Only those are believers, who believe in Allah and His Messenger: when they are with him on a matter requiring collective action, they do not depart until they have asked for his leave; those who ask for your leave are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger;
so when they ask for your leave, for some business of theirs, give leave to those of them whom you will, and ask Allah for their forgiveness: for Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Commentary of verses 24:61 to 24:62
When faith truly takes root, it transforms a person into someone who lives in constant gratitude and awareness of Allah. Such devotion brings inner peace, though its fullest expression will only come in the Hereafter. This life is not meant for reward, but for testing. Believers are tried through ordinary challenges—desires, family obligations, social expectations—which reveal who remains steadfast and who falls away.
Success depends on patience and sincere worship, clinging to truth despite hardship. Those who remain loyal to Allah without seeking immediate worldly gain will ultimately prevail. Eternal blessings await those willing to sacrifice this fleeting world for the next.
Preachers of truth bear the heaviest burdens. They face rejection, opposition from those profiting falsely from religion, and even personal danger. Preaching sincerely can lead to loss of livelihood, reputation, and safety. Yet those who lose everything for Allah's sake are the true winners, destined for everlasting life. For them, an eternal paradise awaits.
La taj'aloo du'aaa'ar Rasooli bainakum kadu'aaa'i badikum ba'daa; qad ya'lamul laahul lazeena yatasallaloona minkum liwaazaa; fal yahzaril lazeena yukhaalifoona 'an amriheee an tuseebahum fitnatun aw yuseebahum 'azaabun aleem
Deem not the summons of the Messenger among yourselves like the summons of one of you to another: Allah does know those of you who slip away under shelter of some excuse: then let those beware who withstand the Messenger's order, lest some trial befall them, or a painful punishment be inflicted on them.
Commentary of verses 24:63 to 24:64
The command to obey the Prophet applied first to his companions, then to all believers. Some may think avoiding communal duties protects their personal interests. But a community that loses its unity becomes weak and vulnerable. When disaster strikes, it affects everyone—even those who thought they were safe by staying uninvolved. Collective neglect leads to collective harm. No one is spared when the foundation crumbles.
Alaaa inna lillaahi maa fis samaawaati wal ardi qad ya'lamu maaa antum 'alaihi wa Yawma yurja'oona ilaihi fa yunaabi 'uhum bimaa 'amiloo; wallaahu bikulli shai'in 'Aleem
Be quite sure that to Allah does belong whatever is in the heavens and on earth. Well does He know what you are intent upon: and one day they will be brought back to Him, and He will tell them the truth of what they did: for Allah does know all things.
Commentary of verses 24:63 to 24:64
The command to obey the Prophet applied first to his companions, then to all believers. Some may think avoiding communal duties protects their personal interests. But a community that loses its unity becomes weak and vulnerable. When disaster strikes, it affects everyone—even those who thought they were safe by staying uninvolved. Collective neglect leads to collective harm. No one is spared when the foundation crumbles.
