The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
S
مَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ لِتَشْقَىٰٓ
Maaa anzalnaa 'alaikal Qur-aana litashqaaa
We have not sent down the Qur'an to you to be [an occasion] for your distress,
Commentary of verses 20:1 to 20:6
The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
V
إِلَّا تَذْكِرَةًۭ لِّمَن يَخْشَىٰ
Illaa tazkiratal limany yakshaa
But only as an reminder to those who fear [Allah],
Commentary of verses 20:1 to 20:6
The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
Tanzeelam mimman khalaqal arda was samaawaatil 'ulaa
A revelation from Him Who created the earth and the heavens on high.
Commentary of verses 20:1 to 20:6
The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
I
ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ عَلَى ٱلْعَرْشِ ٱسْتَوَىٰ
Ar-Rahmaanu 'alal 'Arshis tawaa
[Allah] the Most Merciful is firmly established on the throne [of authority].
Commentary of verses 20:1 to 20:6
The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
Lahoo maa fis samaawaati wa maa fil ardi wa maa bainahumaa wa maa tahtassaraa
To Him belongs what is in the heavens and on earth, and all between them, and all beneath the soil.
Commentary of verses 20:1 to 20:6
The Quran reminds humanity of the truth, but its power is fully realised through those who dedicate themselves entirely to Allah's cause. A sincere caller to truth prioritises others' welfare over personal comfort, even at great cost. Still, no matter how well the message is delivered, only those naturally inclined to recognise truth—and willing to act upon reason—will benefit.
The Being who created the universe revealed the Quran. There is no conflict between His Book and His creation. The Quran awakens what is already present in human nature: the innate ability to recognise and respond to truth.
Wa in tajhar bilqawli fainnahoo ya'lamus sirra wa akhfaa
If you pronounce the word aloud, [it is no matter]: for indeed He knows what is secret and what is yet more hidden.
Commentary of verses 20:7 to 20:8
In this world, many compromise their principles for worldly gain and find plenty of supporters. In contrast, those who call to truth often stand alone, though they rely on Allah—unseen yet all-powerful. The preacher of truth may feel isolated as conditions grow difficult, yet he turns to God in prayer, sometimes silently, sometimes aloud.
Outwardly, he may seem friendless. In reality, he stands on the firmest ground. He calls upon the One who hears every whispered supplication and inner thought, the One who possesses all power to grant assistance. His reliance on Allah is his true strength.
Allaahu laaa ilasha illaa Huwa lahul Asmaaa'ul Husnaa
Allah! there is no god but He! To Him belong the most Beautiful Names.
Commentary of verses 20:7 to 20:8
In this world, many compromise their principles for worldly gain and find plenty of supporters. In contrast, those who call to truth often stand alone, though they rely on Allah—unseen yet all-powerful. The preacher of truth may feel isolated as conditions grow difficult, yet he turns to God in prayer, sometimes silently, sometimes aloud.
Outwardly, he may seem friendless. In reality, he stands on the firmest ground. He calls upon the One who hears every whispered supplication and inner thought, the One who possesses all power to grant assistance. His reliance on Allah is his true strength.
N
وَهَلْ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰٓ
Wa hal ataaka hadeesu Moosa
Has the story of Moses reached you?
Commentary of verses 20:9 to 20:10
Moses (peace be upon him) was born in Egypt. After accidentally killing a man, he fled to Madyan, where he lived for years, married, and tended sheep. Eventually, he decided to return to Egypt with his wife and flock. On the journey, they passed through the Tur valley in southern Sinai. Night fell, and darkness obscured the path. It was winter, bitterly cold. Then Moses noticed a fire in the distance. He set off towards it, hoping to find warmth and someone who could guide him on his way.
Iz ra aa naaran faqaala li alhlihim kusooo inneee aanastu naaral la'alleee aateekum minhaa biqabasin aw ajidu 'alan naari hudaa
And [mention], he saw a fire: So he said to his family, "Tarry you; I perceive a fire; perhaps I can bring you some burning brand therefrom, or find some guidance at the fire."
Commentary of verses 20:9 to 20:10
Moses (peace be upon him) was born in Egypt. After accidentally killing a man, he fled to Madyan, where he lived for years, married, and tended sheep. Eventually, he decided to return to Egypt with his wife and flock. On the journey, they passed through the Tur valley in southern Sinai. Night fell, and darkness obscured the path. It was winter, bitterly cold. Then Moses noticed a fire in the distance. He set off towards it, hoping to find warmth and someone who could guide him on his way.
E
فَلَمَّآ أَتَىٰهَا نُودِىَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ
Falammaaa ataahaa noodiya yaa Moosaa
But when he came to the fire, a voice was heard: "O Moses!
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
Inneee Ana Rabbuka fakhla' na'laika innaka bilwaadil muqaddasi Tuwaa
"Indeed I am your Lord! therefore [in My presence] put off your shoes: you are in the sacred valley Tuwa.
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
K
وَأَنَا ٱخْتَرْتُكَ فَٱسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَىٰٓ
Wa anakhtartuka fastami' limaa yoohaa
"I have chosen you: listen, then, to the inspiration [sent to you].
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
Innaneee Anal laahu laaa ilaaha illaa Ana fa'budnee wa aqimis-salaata lizikree
"Indeed, I am Allah: There is no god but I: So serve you Me [only], and establish regular prayer for celebrating My praise.
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
"Indeed the Hour is coming - My design is to keep it hidden - for every soul to receive its reward by the measure of its Endeavour.
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
Falaa yasuddannnaka 'anhaa mal laa yu'minu bihaa wattaba'a hawaahu fatardaa
"Therefore let not such as believe not therein but follow their own lusts, divert you therefrom, lest you perish!".
Commentary of verses 20:11 to 20:16
The fire Moses saw was no ordinary flame—it was the radiant manifestation of Allah's glory. Upon arrival, he was made to sense the sacredness of the moment. He was told to remove his sandals, a gesture of humility and reverence. Then Allah spoke, informing him that he stood in the divine presence and had been chosen as a messenger.
Moses was given the same essential guidance given to all prophets: worship Allah alone, establish prayer, and remember Him constantly. He was reminded that this world is a trial, its deeper realities veiled until the Day of Judgement. On that Day, the unseen will be revealed, and everyone will be judged according to their deeds. Those driven by desire often forget the Hereafter and justify wrongdoing with appealing words, influencing others to do the same. In such an environment, believers must remain vigilant, guarding themselves against those who are heedless of God and unmindful of the life to come.
S
وَمَا تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يَٰمُوسَىٰ
Wa maa tilka bi yamee nika yaa Moosaa
"And what is that in the right hand, O Moses?"
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
Qaala hiya 'asaaya atawakka'u alaihaa wa ahushshu bihaa 'alaa ghanamee wa liya feehaa ma aaribu ukhraa
He said, "It is my rod: on it I lean; with it I beat down fodder for my flocks; and in it I find other uses."
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
I
قَالَ أَلْقِهَا يَٰمُوسَىٰ
Qaala alqihaa yaa Moosaa
[Allah] said, "Throw it, O Moses!"
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
R
فَأَلْقَىٰهَا فَإِذَا هِىَ حَيَّةٌۭ تَسْعَىٰ
Fa-alqaahaa fa -izaa hiya haiyatun tas'aa
He threw it, and behold! It was a snake, active in motion.
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
Qaala khuzhaa wa laa ta khaf sanu'eeduhaa seeratahal oolaa
[Allah] said, "Seize it, and fear not: We shall return it at once to its former condition".
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
"Now draw your hand close to your side: It shall come forth white [and shining], without harm [or stain], as another Sign,
Commentary of verses 20:17 to 20:22
When God asked Moses what he held in his right hand, it was to sharpen his awareness that the object was merely an ordinary staff—nothing more. This made the miracle that followed all the more striking: the moment it transformed into a snake, Moses understood the divine nature of what he was witnessing.
This was a miracle of instant transformation. Yet in truth, all of creation is in constant transformation—seeds become trees, vapour becomes rain, water becomes steam. Most changes happen slowly, allowing us to grow accustomed to them. But when Moses's staff became a snake in an instant, the speed made it astonishing.
Everything in existence is a miracle of God, whether a plant sprouting from soil or a stick turning into a serpent. The extraordinary miracles shown through prophets are meant to jolt us into recognising the everyday wonders God performs all around us.
U
لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ ءَايَٰتِنَا ٱلْكُبْرَى
Linuriyaka min Aayaatinal Kubra
"In order that We may show you [two] of our Greater Signs.
Commentary of verses 20:23 to 20:24
Both the Bible and the Quran recount the lives of past prophets, yet there are meaningful differences. The Bible describes Moses's hand turning white like ice due to leprosy. The Quran, however, clarifies that it became brilliantly white 'without any blemish'. This precision shows that the Quran is not derived from the Bible, but is revelation directly from the All-Knowing God, correcting earlier accounts.
Moses was given two signs: the serpent symbolised divine power, and the radiant hand symbolised luminous truth. Pharaoh, having gained earthly authority, transgressed all bounds and declared himself a god. His very title meant 'child of the sun', reflecting Egyptian belief in the sun as supreme deity. Pharaoh claimed to be its earthly representative, erecting statues of himself to be worshipped across Egypt.
Power is a blessing from God. It should inspire deep gratitude. Instead, Pharaoh's arrogance led him to set himself up as God's rival.
P
ٱذْهَبْ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُۥ طَغَىٰ
Izhab ilaa Fir'awna innahoo taghaa
"Go you to Pharaoh, for he has indeed transgressed all bounds."
Commentary of verses 20:23 to 20:24
Both the Bible and the Quran recount the lives of past prophets, yet there are meaningful differences. The Bible describes Moses's hand turning white like ice due to leprosy. The Quran, however, clarifies that it became brilliantly white 'without any blemish'. This precision shows that the Quran is not derived from the Bible, but is revelation directly from the All-Knowing God, correcting earlier accounts.
Moses was given two signs: the serpent symbolised divine power, and the radiant hand symbolised luminous truth. Pharaoh, having gained earthly authority, transgressed all bounds and declared himself a god. His very title meant 'child of the sun', reflecting Egyptian belief in the sun as supreme deity. Pharaoh claimed to be its earthly representative, erecting statues of himself to be worshipped across Egypt.
Power is a blessing from God. It should inspire deep gratitude. Instead, Pharaoh's arrogance led him to set himself up as God's rival.
J
قَالَ رَبِّ ٱشْرَحْ لِى صَدْرِى
Qaala Rabbish rah lee sadree
[Moses] said: "O my Lord! expand me my breast;
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
U
وَيَسِّرْ لِىٓ أَمْرِى
Wa yassir leee amree
"Ease my task for me;
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
V
وَٱحْلُلْ عُقْدَةًۭ مِّن لِّسَانِى
Wahlul 'uqdatam milli saanee
"And remove the impediment from my speech,
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
Q
يَفْقَهُوا۟ قَوْلِى
Yafqahoo qawlee
"So they may understand what I say:
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
Q
وَٱجْعَل لِّى وَزِيرًۭا مِّنْ أَهْلِى
Waj'al lee wazeeram min ahlee
"And give me a Minister from my family,
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
S
هَٰرُونَ أَخِى
Haaroona akhee
"Aaron, my brother;
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
F
ٱشْدُدْ بِهِۦٓ أَزْرِى
Ushdud biheee azree
"Add to my strength through him,
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
N
وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِىٓ أَمْرِى
Wa ashrik hu feee amree
"And make him share my task:
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
C
كَىْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًۭا
Kai nusabbihaka kaseeraa
"That we may celebrate Your praise without stint,
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
J
وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا
Wa nazkuraka kaseeraa
"And remember You without stint:
Commentary of verses 20:25 to 20:34
Upon receiving prophethood, Moses could have grown proud. Yet his prayers reveal he saw it not as an honour, but as a weighty responsibility. He asked God to expand his heart, ease his mission, loosen the impediment in his speech, and grant him his brother Aaron as a helper.
Expansion of the heart means openness to divine guidance in every situation. Easing the task means obstacles do not halt the mission. Clarity of speech means addressing crowds confidently with the divine call. God granted Moses all this, and also Aaron as a strong support.
Though Moses was a prophet, any sincere caller to God's path may receive similar help if devoted wholeheartedly to the mission. Remembrance of God is the true aim of faith—not merely repeating words, but a heartfelt state born from discovering truth. When overwhelmed by God's perfection, a person dedicates themselves entirely to His cause.
Z
إِنَّكَ كُنتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًۭا
Innaka kunta binaa baseeraa
"For You are He that [ever] regards us."
Commentary of verse 20:35
Those who prioritise worldly interests over truth find total devotion to God unwise. Their real loyalty lies with material gain, and their attachment to faith is only surface-level. They believe themselves clever, thinking they can protect their worldly position while still being counted among the righteous. But this is an illusion, not reality. Each trial pushes them further from true religion and deeper into their own worldly version of it. Their hypocrisy grows like a cancer. They see sincere believers as foolish for sacrificing worldly benefit for the sake of truth, while calling their own compromise a form of balance or reform. This reveals how distorted their thinking has become. True reform comes only from sincere submission to God. Obstructing the path that strengthens humanity's relationship with the Creator spreads corruption on earth. What they think is a profitable deal is actually a devastating loss, as they trade pure truth for a hollow imitation that benefits no one.
X
قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يَٰمُوسَىٰ
Qaala qad ooteeta su'laka yaa Moosaa
[Allah] said: "Granted is your prayer, O Moses!"
Commentary of verse 20:36
The Prophet Muhammad conveyed precisely the same faith that Abraham once taught: complete surrender to God. Yet the People of the Book, who claimed to follow Abraham, stood fiercely against him. Their religion had drifted far from true submission. It had become a set of empty rituals, offering them false comfort that paradise was assured through ancestry alone, not deeds.
Islam, as taught by both Abraham and Muhammad (pbuh), requires genuine devotion and righteous action. The People of the Book, however, relied on their lineage to saints and prophets, believing this connection guaranteed salvation. This was worlds apart from Abraham's original message.
True faith is founded on divine guidance revealed through prophets, not inherited customs or national pride. The religion practised by the People of the Book had become a patchwork of traditions passed down over generations, disconnected from the living call to obey and worship God wholeheartedly.
G
وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَىٰٓ
Wa laqad manannaa 'alaika marratan ukhraaa
"And indeed We conferred a favour on you another time [before].
Commentary of verses 20:37 to 20:40
Egypt's native people were the Copts, ruled by Pharaoh. The Israelites had settled there during Joseph's time. When Moses was born, Pharaoh—seeking to wipe out the Israelites—ordered all their newborn boys killed.
Inspired by God, Moses's mother placed her infant son in a basket and set it afloat on the Nile to save him. The basket drifted to the royal palace, where Pharaoh and his wife found the child and, moved by compassion, took him in. Moses's own mother was later appointed as his nurse, following his sister's suggestion.
It was a divine miracle that Moses was raised and educated in the very household of the man who would have killed him—and who later became his greatest enemy. As an adult, Moses intervened in a quarrel between an Egyptian and an Israelite. The Egyptian unexpectedly died, and Moses had to flee Egypt to Midian. There, through prayer and reflection, God helped him understand the deeper lessons of that tragic event.
E
إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَىٰٓ
Iz awhainaaa ilaaa ummika maa yoohaaa
"And [mention]! We sent to your mother, by inspiration, the message:
Commentary of verses 20:37 to 20:40
Egypt's native people were the Copts, ruled by Pharaoh. The Israelites had settled there during Joseph's time. When Moses was born, Pharaoh—seeking to wipe out the Israelites—ordered all their newborn boys killed.
Inspired by God, Moses's mother placed her infant son in a basket and set it afloat on the Nile to save him. The basket drifted to the royal palace, where Pharaoh and his wife found the child and, moved by compassion, took him in. Moses's own mother was later appointed as his nurse, following his sister's suggestion.
It was a divine miracle that Moses was raised and educated in the very household of the man who would have killed him—and who later became his greatest enemy. As an adult, Moses intervened in a quarrel between an Egyptian and an Israelite. The Egyptian unexpectedly died, and Moses had to flee Egypt to Midian. There, through prayer and reflection, God helped him understand the deeper lessons of that tragic event.
Aniqzifeehi fit Taabooti faqzifeehi fil yammi fal yul qihil yammu bis saahili yaakhuzhu 'aduwwul lee wa 'aduwwul lah; wa alqaitu 'alaika mahabbatam minnee wa litusna'a 'alaa 'ainee
"'Throw [the child] into the chest, and throw [the chest] into the river: the river will cast him up on the bank, and he will be taken up by one who is an enemy to Me and an enemy to him': But I cast [the garment of] love over you from Me: and [this] in order that you mayest be reared under Mine eye.
Commentary of verses 20:37 to 20:40
Egypt's native people were the Copts, ruled by Pharaoh. The Israelites had settled there during Joseph's time. When Moses was born, Pharaoh—seeking to wipe out the Israelites—ordered all their newborn boys killed.
Inspired by God, Moses's mother placed her infant son in a basket and set it afloat on the Nile to save him. The basket drifted to the royal palace, where Pharaoh and his wife found the child and, moved by compassion, took him in. Moses's own mother was later appointed as his nurse, following his sister's suggestion.
It was a divine miracle that Moses was raised and educated in the very household of the man who would have killed him—and who later became his greatest enemy. As an adult, Moses intervened in a quarrel between an Egyptian and an Israelite. The Egyptian unexpectedly died, and Moses had to flee Egypt to Midian. There, through prayer and reflection, God helped him understand the deeper lessons of that tragic event.
Iz tamsheee ukhtuka fataqoolu hal adullukum 'alaa mai yakfuluhoo faraja 'naaka ilaaa ummika kai taqarra 'ainuhaa wa laa tahzan; wa qatalta nafsan fanajjainaaka minal ghammi wa fatannaaka futoonaa; falabista sineena feee ahli Madyana summa ji'ta 'alaa qadariny yaa Moosa
"And [mention]! your sister goes forth and says, 'shall I show you one who will nurse and rear the [child]?' So We brought you back to your mother, that her eye might be cooled and she should not grieve. Then you did slay a man, but We saved you from trouble, and We tried you in various ways.
Then did you tarry a number of years with the people of Midian. Then did you come hither as ordained, O Moses!
Commentary of verses 20:37 to 20:40
Egypt's native people were the Copts, ruled by Pharaoh. The Israelites had settled there during Joseph's time. When Moses was born, Pharaoh—seeking to wipe out the Israelites—ordered all their newborn boys killed.
Inspired by God, Moses's mother placed her infant son in a basket and set it afloat on the Nile to save him. The basket drifted to the royal palace, where Pharaoh and his wife found the child and, moved by compassion, took him in. Moses's own mother was later appointed as his nurse, following his sister's suggestion.
It was a divine miracle that Moses was raised and educated in the very household of the man who would have killed him—and who later became his greatest enemy. As an adult, Moses intervened in a quarrel between an Egyptian and an Israelite. The Egyptian unexpectedly died, and Moses had to flee Egypt to Midian. There, through prayer and reflection, God helped him understand the deeper lessons of that tragic event.
N
وَٱصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِى
Wastana' tuka linafsee
"And I have prepared you for Myself [for service]".
Commentary of verses 20:41 to 20:44
After years of trials and growth, Moses reached spiritual maturity, and God bestowed prophethood upon him to deliver His message to humanity. He was given two essential instructions: never neglect the remembrance of God, and never adopt a harsh or forceful approach when calling people to Him.
Remembrance of God means belief is so deeply rooted that thoughts of Him arise constantly. Every event and observation becomes a source of spiritual awakening. While ordinary people sustain themselves on physical food, the preacher of truth lives on the remembrance of God. This remembrance is vital for both the believer and the missionary.
The second instruction is gentleness in delivery. The fact that Moses received this guidance even when sent to someone as arrogant as Pharaoh shows that kindness and tact are always required in mission work. No matter how harsh or hostile the audience, the caller to God must remain considerate and understanding.
Izhab anta wa akhooka bi Aayaatee wa laa taniyaa fee zikree
"Go, you and your brother, with My Signs, and slacken not, either of you, in keeping Me in remembrance.
Commentary of verses 20:41 to 20:44
After years of trials and growth, Moses reached spiritual maturity, and God bestowed prophethood upon him to deliver His message to humanity. He was given two essential instructions: never neglect the remembrance of God, and never adopt a harsh or forceful approach when calling people to Him.
Remembrance of God means belief is so deeply rooted that thoughts of Him arise constantly. Every event and observation becomes a source of spiritual awakening. While ordinary people sustain themselves on physical food, the preacher of truth lives on the remembrance of God. This remembrance is vital for both the believer and the missionary.
The second instruction is gentleness in delivery. The fact that Moses received this guidance even when sent to someone as arrogant as Pharaoh shows that kindness and tact are always required in mission work. No matter how harsh or hostile the audience, the caller to God must remain considerate and understanding.
O
ٱذْهَبَآ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُۥ طَغَىٰ
Izhabaaa ilaa Fir'awna innahoo taghaa
"Go, both of you, to Pharaoh, for he has indeed transgressed all bounds;
Commentary of verses 20:41 to 20:44
After years of trials and growth, Moses reached spiritual maturity, and God bestowed prophethood upon him to deliver His message to humanity. He was given two essential instructions: never neglect the remembrance of God, and never adopt a harsh or forceful approach when calling people to Him.
Remembrance of God means belief is so deeply rooted that thoughts of Him arise constantly. Every event and observation becomes a source of spiritual awakening. While ordinary people sustain themselves on physical food, the preacher of truth lives on the remembrance of God. This remembrance is vital for both the believer and the missionary.
The second instruction is gentleness in delivery. The fact that Moses received this guidance even when sent to someone as arrogant as Pharaoh shows that kindness and tact are always required in mission work. No matter how harsh or hostile the audience, the caller to God must remain considerate and understanding.
Faqoolaa lahoo qawlal laiyinal la allahoo yatazakkkaru 'aw yakhshaa
"But speak to him mildly; perchance he may take warning or fear [Allah]."
Commentary of verses 20:41 to 20:44
After years of trials and growth, Moses reached spiritual maturity, and God bestowed prophethood upon him to deliver His message to humanity. He was given two essential instructions: never neglect the remembrance of God, and never adopt a harsh or forceful approach when calling people to Him.
Remembrance of God means belief is so deeply rooted that thoughts of Him arise constantly. Every event and observation becomes a source of spiritual awakening. While ordinary people sustain themselves on physical food, the preacher of truth lives on the remembrance of God. This remembrance is vital for both the believer and the missionary.
The second instruction is gentleness in delivery. The fact that Moses received this guidance even when sent to someone as arrogant as Pharaoh shows that kindness and tact are always required in mission work. No matter how harsh or hostile the audience, the caller to God must remain considerate and understanding.
Qaalaa Rabbanaaa innanaa nakhaafu ai yafruta 'alainaaa aw ai yatghaa
They [Moses and Aaron] said: "Our Lord! We fear lest he hasten with insolence against us, or lest he transgress all bounds."
Commentary of verses 20:45 to 20:48
Pharaoh was deeply arrogant. Having seized power, he viewed himself as a deity. Moses feared that presenting the message of the true God would provoke Pharaoh's wrath. But God's messengers are under divine protection. Moses was commanded to proceed, assured that despite Pharaoh's might, he would come to no harm.
The Israelites were monotheists, like Muslims, but living among Egypt's polytheistic society had weakened their faith. Moreover, rulers had subjected them to gruelling labour and deprivation, leaving them little capacity to reflect on higher truths such as God's oneness and the hereafter.
Moses was therefore instructed to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and settle them elsewhere, so they could be nurtured and educated away from the corrupting influence of polytheism and ignorance.
Qaala laa takhaafaaa innanee ma'akumaa asma'u wa araa
He said: "Fear not: for I am with you: I hear and see [everything].
Commentary of verses 20:45 to 20:48
Pharaoh was deeply arrogant. Having seized power, he viewed himself as a deity. Moses feared that presenting the message of the true God would provoke Pharaoh's wrath. But God's messengers are under divine protection. Moses was commanded to proceed, assured that despite Pharaoh's might, he would come to no harm.
The Israelites were monotheists, like Muslims, but living among Egypt's polytheistic society had weakened their faith. Moreover, rulers had subjected them to gruelling labour and deprivation, leaving them little capacity to reflect on higher truths such as God's oneness and the hereafter.
Moses was therefore instructed to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and settle them elsewhere, so they could be nurtured and educated away from the corrupting influence of polytheism and ignorance.
Faatiyaahu faqoolaaa innaa Rasoolaa Rabbika fa arsil ma'anaa Banee Israaa'eela wa laa tu'azzibhum qad ji'naaka bi Aayatim mir Rabbika wassa laamu 'alaa manit taba'al hudaa
"So go you both to him, and say, 'Indeed we are messengers sent by your Lord: Send forth, therefore, the Children of Israel with us, and afflict them not: with a Sign, indeed, have we come from your Lord! and peace to all who follow guidance!
Commentary of verses 20:45 to 20:48
Pharaoh was deeply arrogant. Having seized power, he viewed himself as a deity. Moses feared that presenting the message of the true God would provoke Pharaoh's wrath. But God's messengers are under divine protection. Moses was commanded to proceed, assured that despite Pharaoh's might, he would come to no harm.
The Israelites were monotheists, like Muslims, but living among Egypt's polytheistic society had weakened their faith. Moreover, rulers had subjected them to gruelling labour and deprivation, leaving them little capacity to reflect on higher truths such as God's oneness and the hereafter.
Moses was therefore instructed to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and settle them elsewhere, so they could be nurtured and educated away from the corrupting influence of polytheism and ignorance.
Innaa qad oohiya ilainaaa annnal 'azaaba 'alaa man kaz zaba wa tawalla
"'Indeed it has been revealed to us that the punishment [awaits] those who reject and turn away.'"
Commentary of verses 20:45 to 20:48
Pharaoh was deeply arrogant. Having seized power, he viewed himself as a deity. Moses feared that presenting the message of the true God would provoke Pharaoh's wrath. But God's messengers are under divine protection. Moses was commanded to proceed, assured that despite Pharaoh's might, he would come to no harm.
The Israelites were monotheists, like Muslims, but living among Egypt's polytheistic society had weakened their faith. Moreover, rulers had subjected them to gruelling labour and deprivation, leaving them little capacity to reflect on higher truths such as God's oneness and the hereafter.
Moses was therefore instructed to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and settle them elsewhere, so they could be nurtured and educated away from the corrupting influence of polytheism and ignorance.
Y
قَالَ فَمَن رَّبُّكُمَا يَٰمُوسَىٰ
Qaala famar Rabbu kumaa yaa Moosa
(When this message was delivered), [Pharaoh] said: "Who, then, O Moses, is the Lord of you two?"
Commentary of verses 20:49 to 20:52
When Pharaoh asked, 'Who is your Lord?', he was not denying the existence of a higher god altogether, but rather expressing scorn for Moses's claim. Joseph had previously preached monotheism in Egypt, and hundreds of thousands of Israelites still lived there professing belief in one God. So awareness of a supreme deity existed, but Pharaoh held all earthly power and prestige.
Egyptians believed Pharaoh was the worldly embodiment of their greatest god, the sun. He was a god-king, with statues worshipped throughout the land. Moses, by contrast, belonged to the enslaved Israelite community, and so his faith held no public weight in Egypt.
Moses replied by pointing to the natural world: countless things exist, each with unique structure and function, all governed by unchanging laws. Even a mighty king like Pharaoh was subject to this system—clear proof of a Supreme Creator. Unable to counter this reasoning, Pharaoh shifted the discussion, stirring prejudice by questioning the fate of past generations who, according to Moses, had died in error. Moses wisely deflected: 'Leave that matter to God, and concern yourself with your own situation.'
Qaala Rabbunal lazeee a'taa kulla shai'in khalqahoo summa hadaa
He said: "Our Lord is He Who gave to each [created] thing its form and nature, and further, gave [it] guidance."
Commentary of verses 20:49 to 20:52
When Pharaoh asked, 'Who is your Lord?', he was not denying the existence of a higher god altogether, but rather expressing scorn for Moses's claim. Joseph had previously preached monotheism in Egypt, and hundreds of thousands of Israelites still lived there professing belief in one God. So awareness of a supreme deity existed, but Pharaoh held all earthly power and prestige.
Egyptians believed Pharaoh was the worldly embodiment of their greatest god, the sun. He was a god-king, with statues worshipped throughout the land. Moses, by contrast, belonged to the enslaved Israelite community, and so his faith held no public weight in Egypt.
Moses replied by pointing to the natural world: countless things exist, each with unique structure and function, all governed by unchanging laws. Even a mighty king like Pharaoh was subject to this system—clear proof of a Supreme Creator. Unable to counter this reasoning, Pharaoh shifted the discussion, stirring prejudice by questioning the fate of past generations who, according to Moses, had died in error. Moses wisely deflected: 'Leave that matter to God, and concern yourself with your own situation.'
U
قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ ٱلْقُرُونِ ٱلْأُولَىٰ
Qaala famaa baalul quroonil oolaa
[Pharaoh] said: "What then is the condition of previous generations?"
Commentary of verses 20:49 to 20:52
When Pharaoh asked, 'Who is your Lord?', he was not denying the existence of a higher god altogether, but rather expressing scorn for Moses's claim. Joseph had previously preached monotheism in Egypt, and hundreds of thousands of Israelites still lived there professing belief in one God. So awareness of a supreme deity existed, but Pharaoh held all earthly power and prestige.
Egyptians believed Pharaoh was the worldly embodiment of their greatest god, the sun. He was a god-king, with statues worshipped throughout the land. Moses, by contrast, belonged to the enslaved Israelite community, and so his faith held no public weight in Egypt.
Moses replied by pointing to the natural world: countless things exist, each with unique structure and function, all governed by unchanging laws. Even a mighty king like Pharaoh was subject to this system—clear proof of a Supreme Creator. Unable to counter this reasoning, Pharaoh shifted the discussion, stirring prejudice by questioning the fate of past generations who, according to Moses, had died in error. Moses wisely deflected: 'Leave that matter to God, and concern yourself with your own situation.'
He replied: "The knowledge of that is with my Lord, duly recorded: my Lord never errs, nor forgets,
Commentary of verses 20:49 to 20:52
When Pharaoh asked, 'Who is your Lord?', he was not denying the existence of a higher god altogether, but rather expressing scorn for Moses's claim. Joseph had previously preached monotheism in Egypt, and hundreds of thousands of Israelites still lived there professing belief in one God. So awareness of a supreme deity existed, but Pharaoh held all earthly power and prestige.
Egyptians believed Pharaoh was the worldly embodiment of their greatest god, the sun. He was a god-king, with statues worshipped throughout the land. Moses, by contrast, belonged to the enslaved Israelite community, and so his faith held no public weight in Egypt.
Moses replied by pointing to the natural world: countless things exist, each with unique structure and function, all governed by unchanging laws. Even a mighty king like Pharaoh was subject to this system—clear proof of a Supreme Creator. Unable to counter this reasoning, Pharaoh shifted the discussion, stirring prejudice by questioning the fate of past generations who, according to Moses, had died in error. Moses wisely deflected: 'Leave that matter to God, and concern yourself with your own situation.'
Allazee ja'ala lakumul arda mahdanw wa salaka lakum feehaa subulanw wa anzala minas samaaa'i maaa'an fa akhrajnaa biheee azwaajam min nabaatin shatta
"He Who has, made for you the earth like a carpet spread out; has enabled you to go about therein by roads [and channels]; and has sent down water from the sky." With it have We produced diverse pairs of plants each separate from the others.
Commentary of verses 20:53 to 20:55
The creation of the earth, the system of rain, the growth of vegetation, and other natural phenomena that sustain life are astonishing signs. They prove that the Creator and Sustainer of this world can only be Almighty God. To bring such a world into being requires extraordinary power—power possessed neither by the sun nor any earthly king.
We must therefore acknowledge that the One who created and controls our world is a Supreme Being: God Himself. This also proves the world was not created without purpose, nor will it end meaninglessly. A purposeful world points to a purposeful conclusion.
Careful observation of creation offers clear evidence both of God's oneness and of the life to come.
Kuloo war'aw an'aamakum; inna fee zaalika la Aayaatil li ulin nuhaa
Eat [for yourselves] and pasture your cattle: indeed, in this are Signs for men endued with understanding.
Commentary of verses 20:53 to 20:55
The creation of the earth, the system of rain, the growth of vegetation, and other natural phenomena that sustain life are astonishing signs. They prove that the Creator and Sustainer of this world can only be Almighty God. To bring such a world into being requires extraordinary power—power possessed neither by the sun nor any earthly king.
We must therefore acknowledge that the One who created and controls our world is a Supreme Being: God Himself. This also proves the world was not created without purpose, nor will it end meaninglessly. A purposeful world points to a purposeful conclusion.
Careful observation of creation offers clear evidence both of God's oneness and of the life to come.
Minhaa khalaqnaakum wa feehaa nu'eedukum wa minhaa nukhrijukum taaratan ukhraa
From the [earth] did We create you, and into it shall We return you, and from it shall We bring you out once again.
Commentary of verses 20:53 to 20:55
The creation of the earth, the system of rain, the growth of vegetation, and other natural phenomena that sustain life are astonishing signs. They prove that the Creator and Sustainer of this world can only be Almighty God. To bring such a world into being requires extraordinary power—power possessed neither by the sun nor any earthly king.
We must therefore acknowledge that the One who created and controls our world is a Supreme Being: God Himself. This also proves the world was not created without purpose, nor will it end meaninglessly. A purposeful world points to a purposeful conclusion.
Careful observation of creation offers clear evidence both of God's oneness and of the life to come.
Wa laqad arainaahu Aayaatinaa kullahaa fakaz zaba wa abaa
And We showed Pharaoh all Our verses, but he did reject and refuse.
Commentary of verses 20:56 to 20:58
Moses presented both reasoned arguments and divine signs to Pharaoh over many years, yet Pharaoh refused to believe. Accepting Moses's message would have meant acknowledging his own falseness—something his pride could never allow. Pharaoh dismissed the rational proofs with irrelevant objections and labelled the miracles as mere magic, claiming anyone could learn such tricks. To uphold his arrogance, he declared that his own magicians could replicate whatever Moses had shown. After much debate, it was agreed that a public contest would be held at the upcoming national festival, where the finest magicians of the land would face Moses before the entire nation.
Qaala aji'tanaa litukhri janaa min ardinaa bisihrika yaa Moosa
He said: "Have you come to drive us out of our land with your magic, O Moses?
Commentary of verses 20:56 to 20:58
Moses presented both reasoned arguments and divine signs to Pharaoh over many years, yet Pharaoh refused to believe. Accepting Moses's message would have meant acknowledging his own falseness—something his pride could never allow. Pharaoh dismissed the rational proofs with irrelevant objections and labelled the miracles as mere magic, claiming anyone could learn such tricks. To uphold his arrogance, he declared that his own magicians could replicate whatever Moses had shown. After much debate, it was agreed that a public contest would be held at the upcoming national festival, where the finest magicians of the land would face Moses before the entire nation.
Falanaatiyannaka bisihrim mislihee faj'al bainanaa wa bainaka maw'idal laa nukhlifuhoo nahnu wa laaa anta makaanan suwaa
"But we can surely produce magic to match yours! So make a tryst between us and you, which we shall not fail to keep - neither we nor you - in a place where both shall have even chances."
Commentary of verses 20:56 to 20:58
Moses presented both reasoned arguments and divine signs to Pharaoh over many years, yet Pharaoh refused to believe. Accepting Moses's message would have meant acknowledging his own falseness—something his pride could never allow. Pharaoh dismissed the rational proofs with irrelevant objections and labelled the miracles as mere magic, claiming anyone could learn such tricks. To uphold his arrogance, he declared that his own magicians could replicate whatever Moses had shown. After much debate, it was agreed that a public contest would be held at the upcoming national festival, where the finest magicians of the land would face Moses before the entire nation.
Qaala maw'idukum yawmuz zeenati wa ai yuhsharan naasu duhaa
Moses said: "Your tryst is the Day of the Festival, and let the people be assembled when the sun is well up."
Commentary of verses 20:59 to 20:61
Pharaoh summoned expert magicians from across Egypt to the festival grounds. Before the contest began, Moses addressed them with a final warning. His message was not new—they already knew he preached the worship of one God, rejecting all false deities. Moses emphasised the gravity of the moment: treating God's signs as conjuring tricks and attempting to surpass them with sleight of hand was a grave error. This amounted to opposing divine truth with illusion, which would lead only to ruin. He made it clear that in trying to disprove him, they were in fact challenging God Himself. Those who persist in such arrogance, Moses warned, will never succeed in the sight of the Almighty.
So Pharaoh withdrew: He concerted his plan, and then came [back].
Commentary of verses 20:59 to 20:61
Pharaoh summoned expert magicians from across Egypt to the festival grounds. Before the contest began, Moses addressed them with a final warning. His message was not new—they already knew he preached the worship of one God, rejecting all false deities. Moses emphasised the gravity of the moment: treating God's signs as conjuring tricks and attempting to surpass them with sleight of hand was a grave error. This amounted to opposing divine truth with illusion, which would lead only to ruin. He made it clear that in trying to disprove him, they were in fact challenging God Himself. Those who persist in such arrogance, Moses warned, will never succeed in the sight of the Almighty.
Qaala lahum Moosaa wailakum laa taftaroo 'alal laahi kaziban fa yus hitakum bi 'azaab, wa qad khaaba manif taraa
Moses said to him: Woe to you! Forge not you a lie against Allah, lest He destroy you [at once] utterly by punishment: the forger must suffer frustration!"
Commentary of verses 20:59 to 20:61
Pharaoh summoned expert magicians from across Egypt to the festival grounds. Before the contest began, Moses addressed them with a final warning. His message was not new—they already knew he preached the worship of one God, rejecting all false deities. Moses emphasised the gravity of the moment: treating God's signs as conjuring tricks and attempting to surpass them with sleight of hand was a grave error. This amounted to opposing divine truth with illusion, which would lead only to ruin. He made it clear that in trying to disprove him, they were in fact challenging God Himself. Those who persist in such arrogance, Moses warned, will never succeed in the sight of the Almighty.
So they disputed, one with another, over their affair, but they kept their talk secret.
Commentary of verses 20:62 to 20:64
Moses's opening words caused disagreement among the magicians. Some recognised him as a prophet rather than a magician, while others insisted he was no different from themselves. The more experienced magicians sensed they were about to witness something beyond their craft and grew fearful. Yet, urged on by Pharaoh and his supporters, they agreed to proceed. At the time, Egyptian society was built on the worship of many gods, with Pharaoh viewed as the living embodiment of their chief deity, the sun. Pharaoh stirred public feeling by claiming that the existing order, rooted in sacred tradition, was the nation's foundation. If Moses and his followers succeeded, he warned, the entire structure of their way of life would collapse.
Qaalooo in haaazaani lasaahiraani yureedaani ai yukhrijaakum min ardikum bisihrihimaa wa yazhabaa bitareeqatikumul muslaa
They said: "These two are certainly [expert] magicians: their object is to drive you out from your land with their magic, and to do away with your most cherished institutions.
Commentary of verses 20:62 to 20:64
Moses's opening words caused disagreement among the magicians. Some recognised him as a prophet rather than a magician, while others insisted he was no different from themselves. The more experienced magicians sensed they were about to witness something beyond their craft and grew fearful. Yet, urged on by Pharaoh and his supporters, they agreed to proceed. At the time, Egyptian society was built on the worship of many gods, with Pharaoh viewed as the living embodiment of their chief deity, the sun. Pharaoh stirred public feeling by claiming that the existing order, rooted in sacred tradition, was the nation's foundation. If Moses and his followers succeeded, he warned, the entire structure of their way of life would collapse.
Fa ajmi'oo kaidakum summma'too saffaa; wa qad aflahal yawma manis ta'laa
"Therefore concert your plan, and then assemble in [serried] ranks: He wins [all along] today who gains the upper hand."
Commentary of verses 20:62 to 20:64
Moses's opening words caused disagreement among the magicians. Some recognised him as a prophet rather than a magician, while others insisted he was no different from themselves. The more experienced magicians sensed they were about to witness something beyond their craft and grew fearful. Yet, urged on by Pharaoh and his supporters, they agreed to proceed. At the time, Egyptian society was built on the worship of many gods, with Pharaoh viewed as the living embodiment of their chief deity, the sun. Pharaoh stirred public feeling by claiming that the existing order, rooted in sacred tradition, was the nation's foundation. If Moses and his followers succeeded, he warned, the entire structure of their way of life would collapse.
Qaaloo yaa Moosaaa immaaa an tulqiya wa immaaa an nakoona awala man alqaa
They said: "O Moses! whether will you that you throw [first] or that we be the first to throw?"
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
Qaala bal alqoo fa izaa hibaaluhum wa 'isiyyuhum yuhaiyalu ilaihi min sihrihim annahaa tas'aa
He said, "Rather, throw you first!" Then behold their ropes and their rods-so it seemed to him on account of their magic - began to be in lively motion!
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
E
فَأَوْجَسَ فِى نَفْسِهِۦ خِيفَةًۭ مُّوسَىٰ
Fa awjasa fee nafsihee kheefatam Moosa
So Moses conceived in his mind a [sort of] fear.
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
L
قُلْنَا لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْأَعْلَىٰ
Qulnaa laa takhaf innaka antal a'laa
We said: "Fear not! for you have indeed the upper hand:
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
Wa alqi maa fee yamee nika talqaf maa sana'oo; innamaa sana'oo kaidu saahir; wa laa yuflihus saahiru haisu ataa
"Throw that which is in your right hand: Quickly will it swallow up that which they have faked what they have faked is but a magician's trick: and the magician thrives not, [no matter] where he goes."
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
Fa ulqiyas saharatu sujjadan qaalooo aamannaa bi Rabbi Haaroona wa Moosa
So the magicians were thrown down to prostration: they said, "We believe in the Lord of Aaron and Moses".
Commentary of verses 20:65 to 20:70
The contest began with the magicians casting their ropes and staffs, which appeared to writhe like serpents—an optical illusion designed to deceive the onlookers. Then Moses, following God's command, threw down his staff. It truly became a great serpent and moved across the ground. At its touch, the spell broke, and the magicians' ropes and staffs returned to their lifeless forms. The magicians, already moved by Moses's earlier words, now witnessed undeniable proof of divine power. They realised at once that what Moses possessed was not human trickery but a genuine miracle from God. This conviction was so overwhelming that they immediately declared their faith in the message Moses brought.
Qaala aamantum lahoo qabla an aazana lakum; innahoo lakabeerukumul lazee 'allama kumus sihra fala uqatti'anna aidiyakum wa arjulakum min khilaafinw wa la usallibannakum fee juzoo'in nakhli wa lata'lamunna aiyunaaa ashaddu 'azaabanw wa abqaa
[Pharaoh] said: "Believe you in Him before I give you permission? Surely this must be your leader, who has taught you magic! be sure I will cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will have you crucified on trunks of palm-trees: so shall you know for certain, which of us can give the more severe and the more lasting punishment!"
Commentary of verse 20:71
Humanity has only one God, and He alone deserves our devotion. Everything we have—our existence, our sustenance, the world around us—comes from His infinite grace and mercy. In return, we are called to live as His devoted servants: living for Him, dying for Him, and placing all our hopes in His eternal pleasure.
We owe everything to our Creator. When we truly recognise this, He becomes the centre of our lives, as essential and precious as a mother is to her newborn child. This awareness transforms our relationship with God into one of complete dependence, trust, and love.
Qaaloo lan nu'siraka 'alaa maa jaaa'anaa minal baiyinaati wallazee fataranaa faqdi maaa anta qaad; innamaa taqdee haazihil hayaatad dunyaa
They said: "Never shall we regard you as more than the Clear Signs that have come to us, or than Him Who created us! so decree whatever you desir to decree: for you can only decree [touching] the life of this world.
Commentary of verses 20:72 to 20:73
The magicians stood between two forces: the compelling truth of Moses and the overwhelming authority of Pharaoh. They chose reasoned conviction over blind submission, fully aware of the price they would pay. Their faith was not inherited ritual or empty custom—it was a profound discovery. When belief is found through such clarity, it becomes so powerful that all else fades in comparison, whether the approval of a ruler or worldly gain. This is the strength of faith rooted in understanding and certainty.
Innaaa aamannaa bi Rabbinaa liyaghfira lanaa khataayaanaa wa maaa akrahtanaa 'alaihi minas sihr; wallaahu khairunw waabqaa
"For us, we have believed in our Lord: may He forgive us our faults, and the magic to which you did compel us: for Allah is Best and Most Abiding."
Commentary of verses 20:72 to 20:73
The magicians stood between two forces: the compelling truth of Moses and the overwhelming authority of Pharaoh. They chose reasoned conviction over blind submission, fully aware of the price they would pay. Their faith was not inherited ritual or empty custom—it was a profound discovery. When belief is found through such clarity, it becomes so powerful that all else fades in comparison, whether the approval of a ruler or worldly gain. This is the strength of faith rooted in understanding and certainty.
Innahoo mai yaati Rabbahoo mujriman fa inna lahoo Jahannama laa yamotu feehaa wa laa yahyaa
Indeed he who comes to his Lord as a sinner [at Judgement], for him is Hell: therein shall he neither die nor live.
Commentary of verses 20:74 to 20:76
To be truly lost is to witness God's signs clearly yet refuse to heed them. It is to hear truth spoken plainly through reason but turn away from it, bound by worldly concerns and unable to break free and accept what is real. Such people face the harshest punishment in the Hereafter—a state from which there is no escape, not even through death. By contrast, Paradise awaits those who purify themselves: who abandon heedlessness, live with awareness, and remove every obstacle between themselves and the truth. They suppress base desires, crush arrogance, and bury transgression within themselves. These are the truly faithful. In this world, their faith manifests as righteous living; in the next, it will blossom into the eternal gardens of Paradise.
Wa mai yaatihee mu'minan qad 'amilas saalihaati fa ulaaa'ika lahumud dara jaatul 'ulaa
But such as come to Him as Believers who have worked righteous deeds, for them are ranks exalted,
Commentary of verses 20:74 to 20:76
To be truly lost is to witness God's signs clearly yet refuse to heed them. It is to hear truth spoken plainly through reason but turn away from it, bound by worldly concerns and unable to break free and accept what is real. Such people face the harshest punishment in the Hereafter—a state from which there is no escape, not even through death. By contrast, Paradise awaits those who purify themselves: who abandon heedlessness, live with awareness, and remove every obstacle between themselves and the truth. They suppress base desires, crush arrogance, and bury transgression within themselves. These are the truly faithful. In this world, their faith manifests as righteous living; in the next, it will blossom into the eternal gardens of Paradise.
Jannaatu 'Adnin tajree min tahtihal anhaaru khaalideena feehaa; wa zaalika jazaaa'ua man tazakka
Gardens of perpetual residence, beneath which flow rivers: they will dwell therein for aye: such is the reward of those who purify themselves [from evil].
Commentary of verses 20:74 to 20:76
To be truly lost is to witness God's signs clearly yet refuse to heed them. It is to hear truth spoken plainly through reason but turn away from it, bound by worldly concerns and unable to break free and accept what is real. Such people face the harshest punishment in the Hereafter—a state from which there is no escape, not even through death. By contrast, Paradise awaits those who purify themselves: who abandon heedlessness, live with awareness, and remove every obstacle between themselves and the truth. They suppress base desires, crush arrogance, and bury transgression within themselves. These are the truly faithful. In this world, their faith manifests as righteous living; in the next, it will blossom into the eternal gardens of Paradise.
Wa laqad awhainaaa ilaa Moosaaa an asri bi'ibaadee fadrib lahum tareeqan fil bahri yabasal laa takhaafu darakanw wa laa takhshaa
We sent an inspiration to Moses: "Travel by night with My servants, and strike a dry path for them through the sea, without fear of being overtaken [by Pharaoh] and without [any other] fear."
Commentary of verses 20:77 to 20:79
Moses remained in Egypt for years after the encounter with the magicians, continuing to preach to Pharaoh and requesting permission to lead his people into the Sinai desert to worship the One God freely. Pharaoh rejected both the message and the request. Eventually, by divine instruction, Moses planned a secret departure. Believers—both Israelite and non-Israelite—gathered and set off together. When they reached the Red Sea, Pharaoh's army appeared in pursuit. Trapped between the sea and their enemies, Moses struck the water with his staff. The sea parted, and the believers crossed safely on dry ground. Pharaoh followed, but as his army reached the middle, the waters surged back and drowned them all. The same sea that saved the faithful became a grave for the arrogant. This shows that relying on earthly leaders offers no real security. True support comes from following God's guidance, not the dictates of powerful figures.
Fa atba'ahum Fir'awnu bijunoodihee faghashiyahum minal yammmi maa ghashi yahum
Then Pharaoh pursued them with his forces, but the waters completely overwhelmed them and covered them up.
Commentary of verses 20:77 to 20:79
Moses remained in Egypt for years after the encounter with the magicians, continuing to preach to Pharaoh and requesting permission to lead his people into the Sinai desert to worship the One God freely. Pharaoh rejected both the message and the request. Eventually, by divine instruction, Moses planned a secret departure. Believers—both Israelite and non-Israelite—gathered and set off together. When they reached the Red Sea, Pharaoh's army appeared in pursuit. Trapped between the sea and their enemies, Moses struck the water with his staff. The sea parted, and the believers crossed safely on dry ground. Pharaoh followed, but as his army reached the middle, the waters surged back and drowned them all. The same sea that saved the faithful became a grave for the arrogant. This shows that relying on earthly leaders offers no real security. True support comes from following God's guidance, not the dictates of powerful figures.
A
وَأَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُۥ وَمَا هَدَىٰ
wa adalla fir'awnu qawmahoo wa maa hadaa
Pharaoh led his people astray instead of leading them aright.
Commentary of verses 20:77 to 20:79
Moses remained in Egypt for years after the encounter with the magicians, continuing to preach to Pharaoh and requesting permission to lead his people into the Sinai desert to worship the One God freely. Pharaoh rejected both the message and the request. Eventually, by divine instruction, Moses planned a secret departure. Believers—both Israelite and non-Israelite—gathered and set off together. When they reached the Red Sea, Pharaoh's army appeared in pursuit. Trapped between the sea and their enemies, Moses struck the water with his staff. The sea parted, and the believers crossed safely on dry ground. Pharaoh followed, but as his army reached the middle, the waters surged back and drowned them all. The same sea that saved the faithful became a grave for the arrogant. This shows that relying on earthly leaders offers no real security. True support comes from following God's guidance, not the dictates of powerful figures.
Yaa Baneee Israaa'eela qad anjainaakum min 'aduw wikum wa wa'adnaakum jaanibat Tooril aimana wa nazzalnaa 'alaikumul Manna was Salwaa
O you Children of Israel! We delivered you from your enemy, and We made a Covenant with you on the right side of Mount [Sinai], and We sent down to you Manna and quails:
Commentary of verses 20:80 to 20:82
After crossing the sea, Moses and his people journeyed to the Sinai desert and reached the foot of Mount Tur, where they received the divine law in the form of ten commandments. They stayed in the desert for nearly forty years, during which God provided them with water, manna, and quails—sustenance granted by His grace. This continued until a new generation eventually entered the fertile lands of Palestine. God's servants can trust Him to provide for them in all circumstances, and in return, He expects them never to show arrogance or disobedience. Those who remain grateful will receive further blessings, while those who grow proud will face severe and unending punishment.
Kuloo min taiyibaati maa razaqnaakum wa laa tatghaw feehi fa yahilla 'alaikum ghadabee wa mai yahlil 'alaihi ghadabee faqad hawaa
[Saying]: "Eat of the good things We have provided for your provision, but commit no excess therein, lest My Wrath should justly descend on you: and those on whom descends My Wrath do perish indeed!
Commentary of verses 20:80 to 20:82
After crossing the sea, Moses and his people journeyed to the Sinai desert and reached the foot of Mount Tur, where they received the divine law in the form of ten commandments. They stayed in the desert for nearly forty years, during which God provided them with water, manna, and quails—sustenance granted by His grace. This continued until a new generation eventually entered the fertile lands of Palestine. God's servants can trust Him to provide for them in all circumstances, and in return, He expects them never to show arrogance or disobedience. Those who remain grateful will receive further blessings, while those who grow proud will face severe and unending punishment.
Wa innee la Ghaffaarul liman taaba wa aamana wa 'amila saalihan summah tadaa
"But, without doubt, I am [also] He that forgives again and again, to those who repent, believe, and do right, who, in fine, are ready to receive true guidance."
Commentary of verses 20:80 to 20:82
After crossing the sea, Moses and his people journeyed to the Sinai desert and reached the foot of Mount Tur, where they received the divine law in the form of ten commandments. They stayed in the desert for nearly forty years, during which God provided them with water, manna, and quails—sustenance granted by His grace. This continued until a new generation eventually entered the fertile lands of Palestine. God's servants can trust Him to provide for them in all circumstances, and in return, He expects them never to show arrogance or disobedience. Those who remain grateful will receive further blessings, while those who grow proud will face severe and unending punishment.
G
۞ وَمَآ أَعْجَلَكَ عَن قَوْمِكَ يَٰمُوسَىٰ
Wa maaa a'jalaka 'an qawmika yaa Moosa
(When Moses was up on the Mount, Allah said:) "What made you hasten in advance of your people, O Moses?"
Commentary of verses 20:83 to 20:85
God had instructed Moses to meet Him at Mount Tur, where he had first received prophethood, so that he could collect the Torah for his people. Eager to fulfil this command, Moses hastened ahead and arrived early, leaving the Israelites to follow behind.
His absence became a test for them. A man named Samiri exploited the situation, leading a group towards idol worship—a practice familiar from their time in Egypt. Without Moses' guidance, some of the Israelites were easily drawn into worshipping a golden calf, abandoning the true faith they had been taught.
Qaala hum ulaaa'i 'alaaa asaree wa 'ajiltu ilaika Rabbi litardaa
He replied: "And [mention], they are close on my footsteps: I hastened to you, O my Lord, to please you."
Commentary of verses 20:83 to 20:85
God had instructed Moses to meet Him at Mount Tur, where he had first received prophethood, so that he could collect the Torah for his people. Eager to fulfil this command, Moses hastened ahead and arrived early, leaving the Israelites to follow behind.
His absence became a test for them. A man named Samiri exploited the situation, leading a group towards idol worship—a practice familiar from their time in Egypt. Without Moses' guidance, some of the Israelites were easily drawn into worshipping a golden calf, abandoning the true faith they had been taught.
Qaala fa innaa qad fatannaa qawmaka mim ba'dika wa adallahumus Saamiriyy
[Allah] said: "We have tested your people in your absence: the Samiri has led them astray."
Commentary of verses 20:83 to 20:85
God had instructed Moses to meet Him at Mount Tur, where he had first received prophethood, so that he could collect the Torah for his people. Eager to fulfil this command, Moses hastened ahead and arrived early, leaving the Israelites to follow behind.
His absence became a test for them. A man named Samiri exploited the situation, leading a group towards idol worship—a practice familiar from their time in Egypt. Without Moses' guidance, some of the Israelites were easily drawn into worshipping a golden calf, abandoning the true faith they had been taught.
Faraja's Moosaaa ilaa qawmihee ghadbaana asifaa; qaala yaa qawmi alam ya'idkum Rabbukum wa'dan hasanaa; afataala 'alaikumul 'ahdu am arattum ai yahilla 'alaikum ghadabum mir Rabbikum fa akhlaftum maw'idee
So Moses returned to his people in a state of indignation and sorrow. He said: "O my people! did not your Lord make a handsome promise to you? Did then the promise seem to you long [in coming]? Or did you desire that Wrath should descend from your Lord on you, and so you broke your promise to me?"
Commentary of verse 20:86
When superstitions are mistaken for sacred teachings and embraced by the masses, religious scholars often lack the courage to speak out. Fearing loss of popularity, wealth, or status, they remain silent. Yet in the sight of God, concealing the truth for worldly gain is a grave sin—one that forfeits His mercy in the Hereafter.
Even worse are those who, when shown the truth, respond with hollow arguments and endless debates. Such people drift further from reality until they become lost entirely. There is a responsibility upon those who know better to speak clearly, even when it is uncomfortable, for silence in the face of falsehood leads others astray and dishonours the trust God has placed in those who understand His message.
Qaaloo maaa akhlafnaa maw'idaka bimalkinna wa laakinna hummilnaaa awzaaram min zeenatil qawmi faqazafnaahaa fakazaalika alqas Saamiriyy
They said: "We broke not the promise to you, as far as lay in our power: but we were made to carry the weight of the ornaments of the [whole] people, and we threw them [into the fire], and that was what the Samiri suggested.
Commentary of verses 20:87 to 20:89
During the journey, the Israelite women collected their jewellery in one place while they rested. Samiri, skilled in the Egyptian craft of idol-making, melted the gold and shaped it into a hollow calf. The design was so clever that when wind passed through it, the statue made a lowing sound like a real animal.
Samiri then deceived the people, claiming this calf was their true god, and that Moses had wandered off searching for something unknowable. His cunning words swayed the ignorant among them. This kind of deception is timeless—false leaders create tangible objects of worship and convince crowds to revere them as ultimate truth. Material idolatry has been humanity's greatest weakness throughout history.
Fa akhraja lahum 'ijlan jasadal lahoo khuwaarun faqaaloo haazaaa ilaahukum wa ilaahu Moosaa fanasee
"Then he brought out [of the fire] before the [people] the image of a calf: It seemed to low: so they said: This is your god, and the god of Moses, but [Moses] has forgotten!"
Commentary of verses 20:87 to 20:89
During the journey, the Israelite women collected their jewellery in one place while they rested. Samiri, skilled in the Egyptian craft of idol-making, melted the gold and shaped it into a hollow calf. The design was so clever that when wind passed through it, the statue made a lowing sound like a real animal.
Samiri then deceived the people, claiming this calf was their true god, and that Moses had wandered off searching for something unknowable. His cunning words swayed the ignorant among them. This kind of deception is timeless—false leaders create tangible objects of worship and convince crowds to revere them as ultimate truth. Material idolatry has been humanity's greatest weakness throughout history.
Afalaa yarawna allaa yarji'u ilaihim qawlanw wa laa yamliku lahum darranw wa laa naf'aa
Could they not see that it could not return them a word [for answer], and that it had no power either to harm them or to do them good?
Commentary of verses 20:87 to 20:89
During the journey, the Israelite women collected their jewellery in one place while they rested. Samiri, skilled in the Egyptian craft of idol-making, melted the gold and shaped it into a hollow calf. The design was so clever that when wind passed through it, the statue made a lowing sound like a real animal.
Samiri then deceived the people, claiming this calf was their true god, and that Moses had wandered off searching for something unknowable. His cunning words swayed the ignorant among them. This kind of deception is timeless—false leaders create tangible objects of worship and convince crowds to revere them as ultimate truth. Material idolatry has been humanity's greatest weakness throughout history.
Wa laqad qaala lahum Haaroonu min qablu yaa qawmi innamaa futintum bihee wa inna Rabbakumur Rahmaanu fattabi'oonee wa atee'ooo amree
Aaron had already, before this said to them: "O my people! you are being tested in this: for indeed your Lord is [Allah] the Most Merciful; so follow me and obey my command."
Commentary of verses 20:90 to 20:91
Aaron, left in charge during Moses' absence, tried to steer the people away from idol worship, but he lacked Moses' authority. Despite his warnings, they refused to stop. When Aaron pressed them, they insisted they would only listen to Moses upon his return.
Aaron realised that forcing the issue would cause division and possibly bloodshed, as his supporters were few. He chose patience over pointless confrontation, continuing to pray for their guidance while waiting for Moses to resolve the crisis. Sometimes, avoiding internal conflict is wiser than provoking greater harm.
Qaaloo lan nabraha 'alaihi 'aakifeena hattaa yarji'a ilainaa Moosaa
They had said: "We will not abandon this cult, but we will devote ourselves to it until Moses returns to us."
Commentary of verses 20:90 to 20:91
Aaron, left in charge during Moses' absence, tried to steer the people away from idol worship, but he lacked Moses' authority. Despite his warnings, they refused to stop. When Aaron pressed them, they insisted they would only listen to Moses upon his return.
Aaron realised that forcing the issue would cause division and possibly bloodshed, as his supporters were few. He chose patience over pointless confrontation, continuing to pray for their guidance while waiting for Moses to resolve the crisis. Sometimes, avoiding internal conflict is wiser than provoking greater harm.
Qaala Yaa Haaroonu maa mana 'aka iz ra aitahum dallooo
[Moses] said: "O Aaron! what kept you back, when you sawest them going wrong,
Commentary of verses 20:92 to 20:94
When Moses returned, he rebuked Aaron sharply. Aaron explained that he had done his utmost to stop the people, but Samiri's influence had won over the majority. Persisting further would have led to violence and bloodshed among the Israelites.
Faced with two choices—internal strife or delay—Aaron chose to wait for Moses' return, believing this to be the lesser evil. His decision reflected wisdom: sometimes restraint prevents greater harm. In situations where conflict could tear a community apart, patience and postponement can be the more responsible path.
C
أَلَّا تَتَّبِعَنِ ۖ أَفَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِى
Allaa tattabi'ani afa'asaita amree
"From following me? Did you then disobey my order?"
Commentary of verses 20:92 to 20:94
When Moses returned, he rebuked Aaron sharply. Aaron explained that he had done his utmost to stop the people, but Samiri's influence had won over the majority. Persisting further would have led to violence and bloodshed among the Israelites.
Faced with two choices—internal strife or delay—Aaron chose to wait for Moses' return, believing this to be the lesser evil. His decision reflected wisdom: sometimes restraint prevents greater harm. In situations where conflict could tear a community apart, patience and postponement can be the more responsible path.
Qaala yabna'umma laa taakhuz bilihyatee wa laa biraasee innee khashetu an taqoola farraqta baina Baneee Israaa'eela wa lam tarqub qawlee
[Aaron] replied: "O son of my mother! Seize [me] not by my beard nor by [the hair of] my head! Truly I feared lest you should say, 'You have caused a division among the children of Israel, and you did not respect my word!'"
Commentary of verses 20:92 to 20:94
When Moses returned, he rebuked Aaron sharply. Aaron explained that he had done his utmost to stop the people, but Samiri's influence had won over the majority. Persisting further would have led to violence and bloodshed among the Israelites.
Faced with two choices—internal strife or delay—Aaron chose to wait for Moses' return, believing this to be the lesser evil. His decision reflected wisdom: sometimes restraint prevents greater harm. In situations where conflict could tear a community apart, patience and postponement can be the more responsible path.
Q
قَالَ فَمَا خَطْبُكَ يَٰسَٰمِرِىُّ
Qaala famaa khatbuka yaa Saamiriyy
[Moses] said: "What then is your case, O Samiri?"
Commentary of verses 20:95 to 20:98
Moses confronted Samiri, who made excuses, claiming divine inspiration and saying he had mixed earth from Moses' footprint into the idol for blessing. His deceitful justification, aimed at misleading Moses and winning favour with the people, only deepened his guilt.
God punished Samiri with a skin disease that made him repulsive to others. He became the most despised person among his people, with further punishment awaiting him in the Hereafter. To shatter the Israelites' false reverence for the calf, Moses burned it publicly and scattered its ashes into the sea, removing any trace of the idol they had been deceived into worshipping.
Qaala basurtu bimaa lam yabsuroo bihee faqabadtu qabdatam min asarir Rasooli fanabaztuhaa wa kazaalika sawwalat lee nafsee
He replied: "I saw what they saw not: so I took a handful [of dust] from the footprint of the Messenger, and threw it [into the calf]: thus did my soul suggest to me."
Commentary of verses 20:95 to 20:98
Moses confronted Samiri, who made excuses, claiming divine inspiration and saying he had mixed earth from Moses' footprint into the idol for blessing. His deceitful justification, aimed at misleading Moses and winning favour with the people, only deepened his guilt.
God punished Samiri with a skin disease that made him repulsive to others. He became the most despised person among his people, with further punishment awaiting him in the Hereafter. To shatter the Israelites' false reverence for the calf, Moses burned it publicly and scattered its ashes into the sea, removing any trace of the idol they had been deceived into worshipping.
Qaala fazhab fa inna laka fil hayaati an taqoola laa misaasa wa inna laka maw'idal lan tukhlafahoo wanzur ilaaa ilaahikal lazee zalta 'alaihi 'aakifaa; lanuharriqannnahoo summa lanansifanahoo fil yammi nasfaa
[Moses] said: "Get you gone! but your [punishment] in this life will be that you will say, 'touch me not'; and moreover [for a future punishment] you have a promise that will not fail: Now look at your god, of whom you have become a devoted worshipper: We will certainly [melt] it in a blazing fire and scatter it broadcast in the sea!"
Commentary of verses 20:95 to 20:98
Moses confronted Samiri, who made excuses, claiming divine inspiration and saying he had mixed earth from Moses' footprint into the idol for blessing. His deceitful justification, aimed at misleading Moses and winning favour with the people, only deepened his guilt.
God punished Samiri with a skin disease that made him repulsive to others. He became the most despised person among his people, with further punishment awaiting him in the Hereafter. To shatter the Israelites' false reverence for the calf, Moses burned it publicly and scattered its ashes into the sea, removing any trace of the idol they had been deceived into worshipping.
But the god of you all is the One Allah: there is no god but He: all things He comprehends in His knowledge.
Commentary of verses 20:95 to 20:98
Moses confronted Samiri, who made excuses, claiming divine inspiration and saying he had mixed earth from Moses' footprint into the idol for blessing. His deceitful justification, aimed at misleading Moses and winning favour with the people, only deepened his guilt.
God punished Samiri with a skin disease that made him repulsive to others. He became the most despised person among his people, with further punishment awaiting him in the Hereafter. To shatter the Israelites' false reverence for the calf, Moses burned it publicly and scattered its ashes into the sea, removing any trace of the idol they had been deceived into worshipping.
Kazaalika naqussu 'alaika min ambaaa'i maa qad sabaq; wa qad aatainaaka mil ladunnaa Zikraa
Thus do We relate to you some stories of what happened before: for We have sent you a Message from Our own Presence.
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
Man a'rada 'anhu, fa innahoo yahmilu Yawmal Qiyaamati wizraa
If any do turn away therefrom, indeed they will bear a burden on the Day of Judgement;
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
Khaalideena feehi wa saaa'a lahum Yawmal Qiyaamati himlaa
They will abide in this [state]: and grievous will the burden be to them on that Day,
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
Yawma yunfakhu fissoori wa nahshurul mujrimeena Yawma 'izin zurqaa
The Day when the Trumpet will be sounded: that Day, We shall gather the sinful, blear-eyed [with terror].
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
Yatakhaafatoona bainahum il labistum illaa 'ashraa
In whispers will they consult each other: "Yet tarried not longer than ten [Days];
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
We know best what they will say, when their leader most eminent in conduct will say: "You tarried not longer than a day!"
Commentary of verses 20:99 to 20:104
The punishment of those who rejected the prophets' message is only a glimpse of God's judgement, which will be fully revealed on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran reminds us of this reality. Ignoring the truth may seem insignificant now, but it will become an unbearable burden in the Hereafter.
When the trumpet sounds, the trial of this world will end, and humanity will find itself in another realm entirely. People will realise that the world they thought was theirs belonged only to God, and terror will transform them completely. Life on earth, which seemed so long, will appear as mere days, while the eternal life ahead will be understood as the only true reality stretching endlessly before them.
Wa yas'aloonaka 'anil jibaali faqul yansifuhaa Rabbee nasfaa
They ask you concerning the Mountains: say, "My Lord will uproot them and scatter them as dust;
Commentary of verses 20:105 to 20:108
On the Day of Judgement, the earth will be levelled into a vast, flat plain. Mountains will vanish, seas will disappear, and all of humanity will be resurrected and gathered upon this ground.
In this world, many ignore God's message delivered through His messengers. But on that Day, when God calls directly, everyone will respond without hesitation. Fear will silence them completely—no sound will be heard except the shuffle of footsteps as they move towards their final reckoning.
K
فَيَذَرُهَا قَاعًۭا صَفْصَفًۭا
Fa yazaruhaa qaa'an safsafaa
"He will leave them as plains smooth and level;
Commentary of verses 20:105 to 20:108
On the Day of Judgement, the earth will be levelled into a vast, flat plain. Mountains will vanish, seas will disappear, and all of humanity will be resurrected and gathered upon this ground.
In this world, many ignore God's message delivered through His messengers. But on that Day, when God calls directly, everyone will respond without hesitation. Fear will silence them completely—no sound will be heard except the shuffle of footsteps as they move towards their final reckoning.
T
لَّا تَرَىٰ فِيهَا عِوَجًۭا وَلَآ أَمْتًۭا
Laa taraa feehaa 'iwajanw wa laaa amtaa
"Nothing crooked or curved will you see in their place."
Commentary of verses 20:105 to 20:108
On the Day of Judgement, the earth will be levelled into a vast, flat plain. Mountains will vanish, seas will disappear, and all of humanity will be resurrected and gathered upon this ground.
In this world, many ignore God's message delivered through His messengers. But on that Day, when God calls directly, everyone will respond without hesitation. Fear will silence them completely—no sound will be heard except the shuffle of footsteps as they move towards their final reckoning.
On that Day will they follow the Caller [straight]: no crookedness [can they show] him: all sounds shall humble themselves in the Presence of [Allah] the Most Merciful: nothing shall you hear but the tramp of their feet [as they march].
Commentary of verses 20:105 to 20:108
On the Day of Judgement, the earth will be levelled into a vast, flat plain. Mountains will vanish, seas will disappear, and all of humanity will be resurrected and gathered upon this ground.
In this world, many ignore God's message delivered through His messengers. But on that Day, when God calls directly, everyone will respond without hesitation. Fear will silence them completely—no sound will be heard except the shuffle of footsteps as they move towards their final reckoning.
Yawma 'izil laa tanfa'ush shafaa'atu illaa man azina lahur Rahmaanu wa radiya lahoo qawlaa
On that Day shall no intercession avail except for those for whom permission has been granted by [Allah] the Most Merciful and whose word is acceptable to Him.
Commentary of verses 20:109 to 20:112
Some imagine that intercession alone can save them on the Day of Judgement. Yet God knows all and needs no one to inform Him of anyone's condition. He is not weak, nor can He be pressured. He may choose to honour a request under specific circumstances, but what truly matters in the Hereafter is what a person brings: piety, good deeds, and virtue.
Those who built their lives on falsehood will fail. Success belongs to those who recognised their unseen Lord in this world and lived according to His will and guidance.
Ya'lamu maa bainaa aideehim wa maa khalfahum wa laa yauheetoona bihee 'ilmaa
He knows what [appears to His creatures as] before or after or behind them: but they shall not compass it with their knowledge.
Commentary of verses 20:109 to 20:112
Some imagine that intercession alone can save them on the Day of Judgement. Yet God knows all and needs no one to inform Him of anyone's condition. He is not weak, nor can He be pressured. He may choose to honour a request under specific circumstances, but what truly matters in the Hereafter is what a person brings: piety, good deeds, and virtue.
Those who built their lives on falsehood will fail. Success belongs to those who recognised their unseen Lord in this world and lived according to His will and guidance.
Wa 'anatil wujoohu lil Haiiyil Qaiyoomi wa qad khaaba man hamala zulmaa
[All] faces shall be humbled before [Him] - the Living, the the Sustainer of [all] existence: hopeless indeed will be the man that carries iniquity [on his back].
Commentary of verses 20:109 to 20:112
Some imagine that intercession alone can save them on the Day of Judgement. Yet God knows all and needs no one to inform Him of anyone's condition. He is not weak, nor can He be pressured. He may choose to honour a request under specific circumstances, but what truly matters in the Hereafter is what a person brings: piety, good deeds, and virtue.
Those who built their lives on falsehood will fail. Success belongs to those who recognised their unseen Lord in this world and lived according to His will and guidance.
Wa mai ya'mal minas saalihaati wa huwa mu'minun falaa yakhaafu zulmanw wa laa hadmaa
But he who works deeds of righteousness, and has faith, will have no fear of harm nor of any curtailment [of what is his due].
Commentary of verses 20:109 to 20:112
Some imagine that intercession alone can save them on the Day of Judgement. Yet God knows all and needs no one to inform Him of anyone's condition. He is not weak, nor can He be pressured. He may choose to honour a request under specific circumstances, but what truly matters in the Hereafter is what a person brings: piety, good deeds, and virtue.
Those who built their lives on falsehood will fail. Success belongs to those who recognised their unseen Lord in this world and lived according to His will and guidance.
Wa kazaalika anzalnaahu Qur-aanan 'Arabiyyanw wa sarrafnaa fee hi minal wa'eedi la'allahum yattaqoona aw yuhdisu lahum zikraa
Thus have We sent this down - an arabic Qur'an - and explained therein in detail some of the warnings, in order that they may fear Allah, or that it may cause their remembrance [of Him].
Commentary of verses 20:113 to 20:114
A caller to faith should aim to inspire God-consciousness in people, or at least provoke thoughtful questions. During the early days in Makkah, the Prophet faced constant queries and objections. Naturally, he wished for revelations to come more swiftly so he could respond promptly. He was told that revelation followed a divinely ordained plan and would unfold in its own time.
Rather than wishing for faster revelations, he was encouraged to pray for deeper understanding of the Quran's wisdom. The purpose was not haste, but comprehension—grasping why the Quran was revealed gradually, according to divine priority and wisdom.
Fata'aalal laahul Malikul Haqq; wa laa ta'jal bil Quraani min qabli ai yuqdaaa ilaika wahyuhoo wa qur Rabbi zidnee 'ilmaa
High above all is Allah, the King, the Truth! Be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation to you are completed, but say, "O my Lord! advance me in knowledge."
Commentary of verses 20:113 to 20:114
A caller to faith should aim to inspire God-consciousness in people, or at least provoke thoughtful questions. During the early days in Makkah, the Prophet faced constant queries and objections. Naturally, he wished for revelations to come more swiftly so he could respond promptly. He was told that revelation followed a divinely ordained plan and would unfold in its own time.
Rather than wishing for faster revelations, he was encouraged to pray for deeper understanding of the Quran's wisdom. The purpose was not haste, but comprehension—grasping why the Quran was revealed gradually, according to divine priority and wisdom.
Wa laqad 'ahidnaaa ilaaa Aadama min qablu fanasiya wa lam najid lahoo 'azmaa
We had already, beforehand, taken the covenant of Adam, but he forgot: and We found on his part no firm resolve.
Commentary of verses 20:115 to 20:117
Remaining steadfast on God's path requires firm resolve. Merely knowing His command is not enough; one must also resist anything that contradicts it. When God commanded all to bow before Adam, the angels obeyed without hesitation, but Satan refused.
The difference lay in perspective. The angels saw the command as coming from God, so they submitted immediately. Satan, however, viewed it as a matter involving a mere human and judged accordingly. When an issue concerns God, submission is the only response. But when seen as a human affair, people weigh the person before them—and may refuse to comply, even if obedience is the demand of truth and justice.
Wa iz qulnaa lilma laaa'ikatis judoo li Aadama fasajadooo illaaa Iblees; abaa
When We said to the angels, "Prostrate yourselves to Adam", they prostrated themselves, but not Iblis: he refused.
Commentary of verses 20:115 to 20:117
Remaining steadfast on God's path requires firm resolve. Merely knowing His command is not enough; one must also resist anything that contradicts it. When God commanded all to bow before Adam, the angels obeyed without hesitation, but Satan refused.
The difference lay in perspective. The angels saw the command as coming from God, so they submitted immediately. Satan, however, viewed it as a matter involving a mere human and judged accordingly. When an issue concerns God, submission is the only response. But when seen as a human affair, people weigh the person before them—and may refuse to comply, even if obedience is the demand of truth and justice.
Then We said: "O Adam! indeed, this is an enemy to you and your wife: so let him not get you both out of Paradise, so that you are landed in misery.
Commentary of verses 20:115 to 20:117
Remaining steadfast on God's path requires firm resolve. Merely knowing His command is not enough; one must also resist anything that contradicts it. When God commanded all to bow before Adam, the angels obeyed without hesitation, but Satan refused.
The difference lay in perspective. The angels saw the command as coming from God, so they submitted immediately. Satan, however, viewed it as a matter involving a mere human and judged accordingly. When an issue concerns God, submission is the only response. But when seen as a human affair, people weigh the person before them—and may refuse to comply, even if obedience is the demand of truth and justice.
W
إِنَّ لَكَ أَلَّا تَجُوعَ فِيهَا وَلَا تَعْرَىٰ
Innaa laka allaa tajoo'a feeha wa laa ta'raa
"There is therein [enough provision] for you not to go hungry nor to go naked,
Commentary of verses 20:118 to 20:122
God placed Adam and his wife in Paradise, where all their needs—food, clothing, water, shelter—were freely provided without labour. However, Adam was forbidden from one particular tree. Satan tempted him by promising eternal benefits, and Adam ate from it.
Immediately, Adam felt exposed, symbolising the withdrawal of God's effortless provision. He was then sent to a world where he would have to earn his sustenance through toil. After his sincere repentance, God forgave him, but the consequence remained: life on earth would require effort and struggle. This marked the beginning of human existence as we know it.
M
وَأَنَّكَ لَا تَظْمَؤُا۟ فِيهَا وَلَا تَضْحَىٰ
Wa annaka laa tazma'u feehaa wa laa tadhaa
"Nor to suffer from thirst, nor from the sun's heat."
Commentary of verses 20:118 to 20:122
God placed Adam and his wife in Paradise, where all their needs—food, clothing, water, shelter—were freely provided without labour. However, Adam was forbidden from one particular tree. Satan tempted him by promising eternal benefits, and Adam ate from it.
Immediately, Adam felt exposed, symbolising the withdrawal of God's effortless provision. He was then sent to a world where he would have to earn his sustenance through toil. After his sincere repentance, God forgave him, but the consequence remained: life on earth would require effort and struggle. This marked the beginning of human existence as we know it.
Fa waswasa ilaihish Shaitaanu qaala yaaa Aadamu hal adulluka 'alaa shajaratil khuldi wa mulkil laa yablaa
But Satan whispered evil to him: he said, "O Adam! shall I lead you to the Tree of Eternity and to a kingdom that never decays?"
Commentary of verses 20:118 to 20:122
God placed Adam and his wife in Paradise, where all their needs—food, clothing, water, shelter—were freely provided without labour. However, Adam was forbidden from one particular tree. Satan tempted him by promising eternal benefits, and Adam ate from it.
Immediately, Adam felt exposed, symbolising the withdrawal of God's effortless provision. He was then sent to a world where he would have to earn his sustenance through toil. After his sincere repentance, God forgave him, but the consequence remained: life on earth would require effort and struggle. This marked the beginning of human existence as we know it.
Fa akalaa minhaa fabadat lahumaa saw aatuhumaa wa tafiqaa yakhsifaani 'alaihimaa minw waraqil jannah; wa 'asaaa Aadamu Rabbahoo faghawaa
In the result, they both ate of the tree, and so their nakedness appeared to them: they began to sew together, for their covering, leaves from Paradise: thus did Adam disobey his Lord, and allow himself to be seduced.
Commentary of verses 20:118 to 20:122
God placed Adam and his wife in Paradise, where all their needs—food, clothing, water, shelter—were freely provided without labour. However, Adam was forbidden from one particular tree. Satan tempted him by promising eternal benefits, and Adam ate from it.
Immediately, Adam felt exposed, symbolising the withdrawal of God's effortless provision. He was then sent to a world where he would have to earn his sustenance through toil. After his sincere repentance, God forgave him, but the consequence remained: life on earth would require effort and struggle. This marked the beginning of human existence as we know it.
But his Lord chose him [for His Grace]: He turned to him, and gave him Guidance.
Commentary of verses 20:118 to 20:122
God placed Adam and his wife in Paradise, where all their needs—food, clothing, water, shelter—were freely provided without labour. However, Adam was forbidden from one particular tree. Satan tempted him by promising eternal benefits, and Adam ate from it.
Immediately, Adam felt exposed, symbolising the withdrawal of God's effortless provision. He was then sent to a world where he would have to earn his sustenance through toil. After his sincere repentance, God forgave him, but the consequence remained: life on earth would require effort and struggle. This marked the beginning of human existence as we know it.
He said: "Get you down, both of you, all together, from Paradise, with enmity one to another: but if, as is sure, there comes to you Guidance from Me, whosoever follows My Guidance, will not lose his way, nor fall into misery.
Commentary of verses 20:123 to 20:127
God placed both Adam and Satan on earth, warning from the start that conflict between them would last until the end of time. Satan would try endlessly to mislead humanity, so people must treat him as their greatest enemy and resist his temptations.
To guide mankind, God sent prophets who spoke in clear, understandable language. Success or failure now depends on accepting or rejecting this guidance. Those who follow it will return to the comfort of Paradise, while those who reject it will face a severe, inescapable existence. In the Hereafter, they will be blind—deprived even of sight—because they were given eyes in this world to recognise God's signs, yet chose to ignore them. On that Day, God will ask: what use were eyes to those determined to remain blind?
Wa man a'rada 'an Zikree fa inna lahoo ma'eeshatan dankanw wa nahshuruhoo Yawmal Qiyaamati a'maa
"But whosoever turns away from My Message, indeed for him is a life narrowed down, and We shall raise him up blind on the Day of Judgement."
Commentary of verses 20:123 to 20:127
God placed both Adam and Satan on earth, warning from the start that conflict between them would last until the end of time. Satan would try endlessly to mislead humanity, so people must treat him as their greatest enemy and resist his temptations.
To guide mankind, God sent prophets who spoke in clear, understandable language. Success or failure now depends on accepting or rejecting this guidance. Those who follow it will return to the comfort of Paradise, while those who reject it will face a severe, inescapable existence. In the Hereafter, they will be blind—deprived even of sight—because they were given eyes in this world to recognise God's signs, yet chose to ignore them. On that Day, God will ask: what use were eyes to those determined to remain blind?
Qaala Rabbi lima hashar tanee a'maa wa qad kuntu baseeraa
He will say: "O my Lord! why have You raised me up blind, while I had sight [before]?"
Commentary of verses 20:123 to 20:127
God placed both Adam and Satan on earth, warning from the start that conflict between them would last until the end of time. Satan would try endlessly to mislead humanity, so people must treat him as their greatest enemy and resist his temptations.
To guide mankind, God sent prophets who spoke in clear, understandable language. Success or failure now depends on accepting or rejecting this guidance. Those who follow it will return to the comfort of Paradise, while those who reject it will face a severe, inescapable existence. In the Hereafter, they will be blind—deprived even of sight—because they were given eyes in this world to recognise God's signs, yet chose to ignore them. On that Day, God will ask: what use were eyes to those determined to remain blind?
Qaala kazaalika atatka Aayaatunaa fanaseetahaa wa kazaalikal Yawma tunsaa
[Allah] will say: "Thus did You, when Our verses came to you, disregard them: so will you, this day, be disregarded."
Commentary of verses 20:123 to 20:127
God placed both Adam and Satan on earth, warning from the start that conflict between them would last until the end of time. Satan would try endlessly to mislead humanity, so people must treat him as their greatest enemy and resist his temptations.
To guide mankind, God sent prophets who spoke in clear, understandable language. Success or failure now depends on accepting or rejecting this guidance. Those who follow it will return to the comfort of Paradise, while those who reject it will face a severe, inescapable existence. In the Hereafter, they will be blind—deprived even of sight—because they were given eyes in this world to recognise God's signs, yet chose to ignore them. On that Day, God will ask: what use were eyes to those determined to remain blind?
Wa kazaalika najzee man asrafa wa lam yu'mim bi Aayaati Rabbih; wa la'azaabul Aakhirati ashaddu wa abqaa
And thus do We recompense him who transgresses beyond bounds and believes not in the Signs of his Lord: and the punishment of the Hereafter is far more grievous and more enduring.
Commentary of verses 20:123 to 20:127
God placed both Adam and Satan on earth, warning from the start that conflict between them would last until the end of time. Satan would try endlessly to mislead humanity, so people must treat him as their greatest enemy and resist his temptations.
To guide mankind, God sent prophets who spoke in clear, understandable language. Success or failure now depends on accepting or rejecting this guidance. Those who follow it will return to the comfort of Paradise, while those who reject it will face a severe, inescapable existence. In the Hereafter, they will be blind—deprived even of sight—because they were given eyes in this world to recognise God's signs, yet chose to ignore them. On that Day, God will ask: what use were eyes to those determined to remain blind?
Afalam yahdi lahum kam ahlaknaa qablahum minal qurooni yamshoona fee masaakinihim; inna fee zaalika la Aayaatil li ulinnuhaa
Is it not a warning to such men [to call to mind] how many generations before them We destroyed, in whose haunts they [now] move? Indeed, in this are Signs for men endued with understanding.
Commentary of verses 20:128 to 20:130
When a community reaches the height of worldly success but then faces destruction or defeat, it is because they overstepped their limits. Each fallen nation leaves lessons for those who follow, yet few take heed.
These verses, revealed in Makkah during the most challenging period of denial and opposition, emphasise glorifying and remembering God, and maintaining prayer. Even in the hardest times, these practices serve as the believer's greatest shield. Their main benefit is that they smooth the path to success in both this life and the next.
Wa law laa Kalimatun sabaqat mir Rabbika lakaana lizaamanw wa ajalum musammaa
Had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, [their punishment] must necessarily have come; but there is a Term appointed [for respite].
Commentary of verses 20:128 to 20:130
When a community reaches the height of worldly success but then faces destruction or defeat, it is because they overstepped their limits. Each fallen nation leaves lessons for those who follow, yet few take heed.
These verses, revealed in Makkah during the most challenging period of denial and opposition, emphasise glorifying and remembering God, and maintaining prayer. Even in the hardest times, these practices serve as the believer's greatest shield. Their main benefit is that they smooth the path to success in both this life and the next.
Fasbir 'alaa maa yaqooloona wa sabbih bihamdi Rabbika qabla tuloo'ish shamsi wa qabla ghuroobihaa wa min aanaaa'il laili fasbbih wa atraafan nahaari la 'allaka tardaa
Therefore be patient with what they say, and celebrate [constantly] the praises of your Lord, before the rising of the sun, and before its setting; yea, celebrate them for part of the hours of the night, and at the sides of the day: that you mayest have [spiritual] joy.
Commentary of verses 20:128 to 20:130
When a community reaches the height of worldly success but then faces destruction or defeat, it is because they overstepped their limits. Each fallen nation leaves lessons for those who follow, yet few take heed.
These verses, revealed in Makkah during the most challenging period of denial and opposition, emphasise glorifying and remembering God, and maintaining prayer. Even in the hardest times, these practices serve as the believer's greatest shield. Their main benefit is that they smooth the path to success in both this life and the next.
Wa laa tamuddanna 'ainaika ilaa ma matta'na biheee azwajam minhum zahratal hayaatid dunya linaftinahum feeh; wa rizqu Rabbika khairunw wa abqaa
Nor strain yours eyes in longing for the things We have given for enjoyment to parties of them, the splendour of the life of this world, through which We test them: but the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
Commentary of verses 20:131 to 20:132
These verses address not only the Prophet but all believers. When someone dedicates themselves to faith and calling others to God, their life becomes one of effort and struggle. Meanwhile, those free from such responsibility live in ease and comfort. Satan uses this contrast to sow doubt, whispering that if this were truly God's path, it would not involve such hardship.
Yet deeper reflection reveals a crucial difference. What the worldly enjoy is temporary, a mere test, with nothing stored for the Hereafter. What the believer receives—God's remembrance, concern for the next life, piety, prayer—is a higher form of provision. This spiritual sustenance will be returned as boundless, eternal blessings in the life to come.
Waamur ahlaka bis Salaati wastabir 'alaihaa la nas'aluka rizqaa; nahnu narzuquk; wal 'aaqibatu littaqwaa
Enjoin prayer on your people, and be constant therein. We ask you not to provide provision: We provide it for you. But the [fruit of] the Hereafter is for righteousness.
Commentary of verses 20:131 to 20:132
These verses address not only the Prophet but all believers. When someone dedicates themselves to faith and calling others to God, their life becomes one of effort and struggle. Meanwhile, those free from such responsibility live in ease and comfort. Satan uses this contrast to sow doubt, whispering that if this were truly God's path, it would not involve such hardship.
Yet deeper reflection reveals a crucial difference. What the worldly enjoy is temporary, a mere test, with nothing stored for the Hereafter. What the believer receives—God's remembrance, concern for the next life, piety, prayer—is a higher form of provision. This spiritual sustenance will be returned as boundless, eternal blessings in the life to come.
Wa qaaloo law laa yaateenaa bi Aayatim mmir Rabbih; awalam taatihim baiyinatu maa fis suhufil oolaa
They say: "Why does he not bring us a sign from his Lord?" Has not a Clear Sign come to them of all that was in the former Books of revelation?
Commentary of verses 20:133 to 20:135
Long before the final Prophet arrived, earlier scriptures hinted at his coming. Though these books have been altered over time, traces of these prophecies remain visible even now. This stands as one of the strongest proofs of Muhammad's authenticity as a messenger. Yet grasping this argument requires genuine reflection—a quality seldom found among people.
Wa law annaaa ahlaknaahum bi'azaabim min qablihee laqaaloo Rabbanaa law laaa arsalta ilainaa Rasoolan fanattabi's Aayaatika min qabli an nazilla wa nakhzaa
And if We had inflicted on them a punishment before this, they would have said: "Our Lord! If only You had sent us a messenger, we should certainly have followed Your Signs before we were humbled and put to shame."
Commentary of verses 20:133 to 20:135
Long before the final Prophet arrived, earlier scriptures hinted at his coming. Though these books have been altered over time, traces of these prophecies remain visible even now. This stands as one of the strongest proofs of Muhammad's authenticity as a messenger. Yet grasping this argument requires genuine reflection—a quality seldom found among people.
Qul kullum mutarabbisun fatarabbasoo fasta'lamoona man Ashaabus Siraatis Sawiyyi wa manih tadaa
Say: "Each one [of us] is waiting: wait you, therefore, and soon shall you know who it is that is on the straight and even way, and who it is that has received Guidance."
Commentary of verses 20:133 to 20:135
Long before the final Prophet arrived, earlier scriptures hinted at his coming. Though these books have been altered over time, traces of these prophecies remain visible even now. This stands as one of the strongest proofs of Muhammad's authenticity as a messenger. Yet grasping this argument requires genuine reflection—a quality seldom found among people.